The relevance of the problem under study is determined by the primary importance of creating such pedagogical conditions for organizing the process of teaching schoolchildren, in which the quality of their knowledge would be at a high level. At the same time, it is much more difficult to create favorable conditions in the general education system in those regions where there is a tense socio-economic situation, a lack of material security for general education, a shortage of qualified teaching staff, a methodological base and other equally important elements that make up the sum of pedagogical conditions for the development of high-quality school education in certain constituent entities of the Russian Federation. The aim of the article is to analyze the pedagogical conditions for ensuring the quality of general education in such socio-economically underdeveloped regions of Russia as the Jewish Autonomous Region, the Republic of Tuva and the Republic of Ingushetia. The leading theoretical approaches to the study of the problem are induction, deduction, idealization and abstraction. Practical methods of work are presented by analysis, synthesis, comparison, measurement and mathematical processing of statistical data. The main results of the article: the analysis of pedagogical conditions in the general education system in the Jewish Autonomous Region, the Republic of Tuva and the Republic of Ingushetia was carried out; the regions demonstrate a tendency towards deterioration of pedagogical conditions for ensuring the quality of general education; the number of students per an educator has increased by 21.98% over five years in the Jewish Autonomous Region, by 5.20% in the Republic of Tuva and by 70.30% in the Republic of Ingushetia; in the subjects under consideration, a tendency towards an increase in the number of students who received an "unsatisfactory" mark in Russian and Mathematics in the Basic State Exam is observed; a direct regression dependence was found, according to which with the deterioration of pedagogical conditions (with an increase in the workload per one educator of the school (teacher)) the number of students who received an unsatisfactory mark increases. The theoretical significance of the article is manifested in the clarification of the term "pedagogical conditions for ensuring the quality of general education". The practical significance is that the analysis made can be used by any interested parties, teaching staff and government structures of socio-economically underdeveloped regions of Russia to improve the quality of general education by creating more favorable pedagogical conditions.