Keyword: «constitutional principles»

The article discusses issues of combating corruption through the prism of the Constitution of the Russian Federation. Assessing corruption as a kind of defect in the legal system, the author draws attention primarily to the stage of law creation, where corruption-causing factors initially arise as a result of legislative errors. The legal properties of the constitution in combination with constitutional principles make it possible to comprehensively influence public relations and neutralize corruption-related factors both at the stage of lawmaking and at the stage of law en-forcement. In general, the connection between constitutional norms and the assessment of corrup-tion as a defect of legislation can be traced in a number of aspects. The article draws attention to some shortcomings of the anti-corruption legislation and makes proposals to eliminate them, points out areas of anti-corruption control of lawmaking that can only be mastered using the constitutional mechanism. The constitutional dimension of corruption as a non-alternative measure is necessary primarily in so-called non-standard cases: situations of rapid legislative development, in situations of qualified silence of the legislator, in practical situations of circumvention of the law by the law enforcement officer Taking into account the constituent nature of constitutional norms, their influence on law-making and law enforcement practice, as well as taking into account the constitutional amendments of 2020, expanding the capabilities of the President of the Russian Federation to refer to the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation to assess the constitutionality of draft federal laws, federal constitutional laws, laws on amendments to the Constitution of the Russian Federation, laws of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation, before they are promulgated by the highest official of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation, it seems possible and appropriate to strengthen the constitutional preventive impact on corruption.

This article examines the presumption of innocence as a fundamental principle of criminal proceedings. The authors explore the origin and nature of this principle, as well as its importance for the protection of individual rights and freedoms. They also draw attention to the inclusion of the presumption of innocence in international and national legislation, including the Constitutions of various countries.