Natalya Kondrashova

Radical changes taking place in the domestic education in the conditions of digitalization and standardization make theorists and practitioners scrutinize the scientific and theoretical foundations and value-oriented guidelines for the formation of personal culture in pre-school educational organizations, since there is a change in the general paradigm of pre-school students education by means of modern technologies use. This determines the purpose of the study: to identify modern approaches, key values (goals, components, criteria, mechanisms, technologies) for the formation of personal culture and features of the organization of work in this direction with children of preschool age. The research is based on the analysis, generalization and systematization of modern achievements of pedagogical theory and practice of preschool education on the issues of formation of the main components of personal culture from the positions of axiological, complex system and cultural approaches. The author presents the main components of the general personal culture (the culture of activity, communication, speech, speaking on the telephone, behavior in public places, table manners, life, leisure, gender behavior, health, information, environmental and legal culture), justifies a variable component that takes into account the temporary and non-temporary priorities of work in this direction, and also describes the purpose and key criteria for their formation of each component, taking into account the specifics of preschool childhood, requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard and priorities for the development of the information society. The article presents in detail the key mechanisms of personal culture formation in preschool children (identification; imitation; interiorization-exteriorization of ethical concepts, formation of cultural congruence and normative disposition), as well as justifies the importance of activity-type technologies for successful work in this direction, taking into account the requirements of the FSES and the prospects of digitalization (technology of guest days organization, cultural practices for the child, gaming and interactive pedagogical technologies, «Portfolio» technology, etc.).

The 21 century is the century of innovative development of preschool education system, when the quality of education is determined by the level of innovative activities of preschool educational institutions. Radical changes, taking place in the domestic preschool education, made theorists and practitioners scrutinize the innovative processes and define scientific and theoretical foundations of innovation management in preschool educational institutions. This defined the purpose of the study: to determine the features, modern approaches, principles and mechanisms of innovation processes management in modern preschool educational institutions. The article presents an overview of the main achievements of pedagogical theory and practices for management innovations in the field of preschool education. The author systematizes the information about the main models of origin and values of the innovation process continuous development in preschool educational organizations from the viewpoint of system, process and qualimetry approaches, describes the main functions (information analysis, design, methodological, organizational, motivational and target, monitoring, diagnostic and prognostic) and management principles (directive regulation of rights and options of pre-school organizations as an innovative system, integration, comprehensiveness, creativity and flexibility, marketing orientation, manageability, system and context orientation, functionality). The author presents the main subsystems of innovative preschool organizations(objects and subjects of management, information product as a result of innovation), new mechanisms of innovative processes management in the kindergarten (innovation management and marketing, innovative methodological work, innovative management technologies and management innovations that are significantly different from current practice and for the first time used in a specific educational organization (e.g., a three-level technology of innovation management, technology of qualimetrical evaluation, etc.).