Keyword: «speech activity»

Business speech culture formation among cadets of military higher education institutions is one of the relevant problems in the system of higher military education. In accordance with FSES of higher professional education, the graduates of military higher education institutions of the Russian Army should know the principles of business speech culture, contributing to the formation of business communication culture and general culture of servicemen, that would ensure their successful military-professional activity as officers in future. The purpose of this article is to do a review of establishment and development of business speech culture formation problem in domestic psychological and pedagogical literature, to compare the modern educational process in higher military school with the foundations laid in pedagogics at the end of XIX – first half XX centuries, and to analyze scientific researches concerning this problem over the past decades, to define the essence, content and structure of business speech culture formation process among the cadets of military universities, as well as to identify ways and conditions for the effective implementation of this pedagogical process. On the basis of theoretical analysis and generalization of scientific literature, it was noted that business speech culture formation process from the point of view of its essence, content and structure was considered in the works of modern Russian scientists in different aspects: speech culture formation, speech skills, public speech skills, communicative competence, mastering speech activity of both secondary and higher educational institutions trainees. The results of psychological and pedagogical research analysis in higher military school showed that the cultural speech aspect has always been the focus of attention of scientists and it was considered in the study of various problems: from historical and pedagogical analysis of military education in Russia of XVIII-early XX century and its humanization to training officers for achieving psychological and information superiority over the enemy. The analysis of various approaches of researchers to this problem made it possible to justify the author's view on the essence, content and structure of the pedagogical process of business speech culture formation among cadets of military schools and to determine the ways and conditions of its effective implementation. The most promising way seems to be the implementation of this pedagogical process on the basis of a communicative-activity approach to learning, which ensures its adequacy to the requirements of complex military-professional business communication. The results and conclusions of this study expand the understanding of such concepts as "speech activity", "business speech", " business speech and business communication culture of military personnel" and are aimed at improving the educational process in military universities of the Russian Federation in the context of the communicative-activity approach to learning. The article may be interesting for scientists conducting research both in the field of business communication and in the field of military-professional education in general.

This article will consider the problem formation of mastering the Russian language with the help listening to sakha-pupils, for whom Russian language is the second mother tongue. Listening can be a means of mastering the language materials and language as a means of communication. The main role in the process of promoting bilingualism plays a primary school, there are lays the foundation for further in-depth study of the Russian language. In our time many people speak to Russian poorly, wrong to put the emphasis, talk without taking into account extralinguistic factors, allow a lot of interference mistakes. On this basis, we believe that this problem is sufficient today.

The article substantiates the need for professionally oriented content of teaching foreign languages in institutions of secondary vocational education; recommendations are given for the implementation of vocationally oriented training in the process of various types of speech activity both in class and during independent work of students.

The article emphasizes the relevance of the problem of teaching military universities cadets the culture of business speech based on a communicative-activity oriented approach to learning. The authors show how the use of communicative-activity oriented approach gives an opportunity to implement the process of business communication culture formation among military universities cadets on the fundamental principles of developing training (training at a high level of difficulty, comprehension of the learning process by the cadets, high speed of material study, scientific and systematic principles, etc.). The purpose of the article is to analyze the theory and practice of teaching Russian military universities cadets the culture of business speech, as well as to characterize the ways and conditions of its effective implementation. The authors of the article consider to be the most promising implementation of this pedagogical process on the basis of communicative-activity oriented approach to training, which ensures its compliance with the requirements of more and more complicated military-professional business communication. The level of business speech culture formation (reproductive, productive, creative) among cadets of military universities, as well as groups of their skills (imitative, modeling and spontaneous) act as a result of the process of business speech culture formation on the basis of communicative and activity oriented approach to training. The article describes the characteristics of the pedagogical process under study and shows the correlation of the acquired knowledge and skills developed in the process of business speech culture formation with organizational-thinking, organizational-communicative and organizational-practical stages of training. The authors give examples of various kinds of business games use that contribute to the improvement of speech activity of cadets in the conditions of military-professional business communication. At the same time, the article emphasizes the compliance of knowledge acquired by cadets with normative, communicative and ethical aspects of business speech culture. The results and conclusions of the study expand the understanding of such concepts as "speech activity", "culture of business speech and business communication of servicemen", "business game", "communicative-activity oriented approach to training". The article may be interesting to scientists conducting research both in the field of business communication and in the field of professional military education.

The article presents the results of diagnostic examination the development of coherent speech of preschool children in the preparatory group, and also considers the possibility of using book illustrations as a means to formation the coherent speech of children.