Irina Kareeva

The relevance of the topic studied by the authors is due to the fact that today an employee of the penitentiary system must have a number of specific skills, the most significant of which are the skills of intercultural communication, consisting of such components as: tolerant interethnic interaction and the ability to keep a constructive intercultural dialogue. These requirements established by the state and society for an employee of the penitentiary system indicated the need to develop the skills of interethnic tolerance among cadets. The problem of forming the skills of interethnic tolerance among cadets of educational organizations of the federal penitentiary service, based on the principles of tolerance, has been in the focus of attention of various scientific directions for a long time. The purpose of the study was to substantiate theoretically and test experimentally the proposed directions for the formation of these skills in cadets. The study was carried out by the authors using the following methods: the questionnaire "Diagnostics of general communicative tolerance" by V. V. Boyko, modified by the authors; questionnaire "Finding the level of conflict tolerance" by N. P. Fetiskin, V. V. Kozlov, G. M. Manuilov; express questionnaire "Index of Tolerance" (G. U. Soldatova, O. A. Kravtsova, L. A. Shaigerova). The conclusions and proposals made by the authors for improving the educational process in the Vladimir Legal Institute of the Federal Penitentiary Service and the possibility of further scientific developments on this topic represent the theoretical significance of the work. The practical significance of the work is the experience of the formation of interethnic tolerance skills among cadets considered in the article on the example of the Vladimir Law Institute of the Federal Penitentiary Service, which, if necessary, may be used by other universities. The main results of the work include the implementation of the directions proposed by the authors for the formation of interethnic tolerance among cadets, a positive change in attitudes towards representatives of other ethnic groups, an increase in the level of interethnic tolerance in the experimental group. Thus, the effectiveness of the directions proposed by the authors for the formation of interethnic tolerance among cadets has been proved. The experience of forming the skills of interethnic tolerance among cadets, considered on the example of the Vladimir Law Institute of the Federal Penitentiary Service, may be used by other higher educational institutions in order to increase the effectiveness of educational work among students.

The relevance of the topics investigated by the authors is due to the fact that today a number of specific moral and ethical requirements are imposed on an employee of the penitentiary system, namely: attitude towards a person as a supreme value, respect and protection of rights, freedoms and human dignity in accordance with international and domestic legal norms and universal principles of morality, tolerant interethnic interaction and the ability to have constructive intercultural dialogue. Thus, the requirements imposed by the state and society on an employee of the penitentiary system indicate the need to develop the ability to be tolerant among cadets of higher educational institutions of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia. The purpose of the study was to theoretically substantiate and experimentally test the proposed conditions for the formation of interethnic tolerance among cadets at a higher educational institution of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia. The study was conducted by the authors using the following methods: questioning (the questionnaire was worked out by the authors) and testing (test for diagnosing the ability to empathy by A. Mehrabian, N. Epstein and the tests "Assessment of the level of assimilation" by V. P. Bespalko, Yu. G. Tatura in the authors’ modification). The main results of the work include the implementation of the set of pedagogical conditions proposed by the authors for the formation of interethnic tolerance among cadets and an increase in knowledge on ethnic issues, a change in attitudes towards representatives of other ethnic groups in a positive direction, a decrease in the percentage of respondents who dislike people of other nationalities in the experimental group. The conclusions and proposals made by the authors for improving the educational process in higher educational institutions of the penitentiary system and the possibility of further scientific developments on this topic represent the theoretical significance of the work. The practical significance of the work is the experience of the formation of interethnic tolerance among cadets considered in the article on the example of the Academy of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia, since under similar conditions it can be used by educational organizations of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia in order to increase the effectiveness of educational work among cadets.