Ключевое слово: «forest fires»

Khangalassky Disctrict of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia) is located in a continental climate zone with very cold long winters, hot short summers, short spring and autumn and large annual temperature amplitudes. Climate changes in Yakutia are manifested, first of all, in significantly increased winter temperatures, frequent cases of atmospheric droughts in summer, changes in the beginning of spring and autumn, changes in the amount and mode of precipitation in all seasons. In the summer season of 2021, an acute shortage of precipitation combined with extreme temperature anomalies caused the formation of atmospheric droughts in July and August in the Far Eastern Federal District, especially in Yakutia. In the summer of 2021, an extremely large number of forest fires was noted in Yakutia. The fires have engulfed large areas of the taiga. The author analyzed the average daily temperature of June-August, took into account the synoptic conditions that caused atmospheric drought. The data from the Isit weather station located at the southern tip of the Lena Pillars National Park were used for the analysis. One of the fires, which covered a significant area and threatened the village of Kytyl-Dura, operated 40-50 km of the weather station.

Forest fires are a powerful environmental factor affecting the development of forest biogeocenoses in many ways. In difficult conditions in the north, forest fires have a negative impact on forest ecosystems. They destroy the soil layer, contribute to the development of severe erosion and release pollutants into the atmosphere. Forest fires have a great negative impact on forest ecosystems with low rehabilitation potential, which include forests of Yakutia growing in permafrost areas. As a result of fires, numerous negative substances (CO2, CO, CH4, NOx) and smoke particles (solid aerosols) enter the atmosphere, which affect the physico-chemical processes in the atmosphere, regulate the radiation balance and affect the climate.