Aleksandr Vikylov

In article the review of scientific theories of fatigue failure of constructional materials is executed. Their short characteristic is given and the comparative analysis is made. The reasons of shift processes in material and kinetics of origin of fatigue cracks are considered at influence of cyclic loadings. Prospects of development of engineering calculations for this direction of researches are planned.

Changes in crystal structure of metal at action of variable tension are considered. The description of the mechanism of formation of dislocations is given. On the basis of the dislocation theory process of emergence and development of cracks of fatigue is described. The main processes which are the cornerstone of fatigue failure are listed and grouped.