Olga Pogodina

The article presents a retrospective comparative analysis of the basics of human physical activity depending on the civilizational model of development. The authors identify the complex of human nature features, on the one hand reflecting its inferiority, on the other – being prerequisites of socio-cultural life. It is shown that in the process of human adaptation to certain natural and climatic conditions, two opposite lifestyles are formed, within which physical culture is differentiated and transformed depending on the human environment.