Keyword: «mammoth tusk»

Structural studies of fossil mammoth bone (FMB) have been carried out using modern instrumental methods of analysis. Using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the structure of a mammoth tusk is shown and elemental analysis is performed. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) revealed the quantitative composition of the studied tusk sample: external adsorbed moisture – 4.9%, collagen – 27.5%, hydroxyapatite – 67.5%. Using X-ray phase analysis, it was found that during the heat treatment of a mammoth tusk, the structure of its mineral part is transformed from apatite to whitlockite. IR spectroscopic studies revealed the entire complex of functional groups of tusk components. The results of studies on the study of resistance to destruction with various approaches to the preservation of FMB are presented. The main criteria that ensure the best preservation of the FMB are determined: stability of temperature and atmospheric humidity, the presence of protection from precipitation and UV radiation.

A study was made of the influence of storage conditions on the integrity of the mammoth tusk (MT). The exhibition was held during the year under the following conditions: in a closed heated room; under a canopy at the climatic test site; in the freezer. To protect the mammoth tusk from environmental factors, the following methods were used: enamel staining, wrapping in a dense black film, treatment with an antibacterial composition, treatment with an antibacterial composition, followed by wrapping in a dense black film. It has been shown that treatment with an antibacterial composition should be carried out after stabilization of the properties of the tusk. It has been established that during long-term storage of mammoth tusk, stable temperature and humidity indicators should be ensured. Of all the processing and isolation methods, enamel staining methods, as well as film wrapping of MT treated with an antibacterial composition, showed good results.

The article presents general information about mammoth tusks as a raw material, the features of its structure, structure and properties. It is shown that mammoth tusk is a composite material consisting of hydroxyapatite, the composition of which is somewhat different from modern analogues, collagen and water. It is shown that the characteristics of mineralization can indirectly judge the conditions of their burial. It has been established that the strength and nature of destruction depend on the moisture content of the samples under study.

This study analyzes the macro- and microstructure of fossil mammoth ivory. At the macroscopic level, fossil mammoth ivory consists of dentin externally coated with cementum. Like all bone tissues, mammoth ivory consists of hydroxyapatite, collagen, and water. Infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) enabled a comprehensive analysis of mammoth ivory samples and the determination of their structural features. The data obtained contribute to a better understanding of mineralization processes and structural changes in bone tissue and provide insight into the preservation conditions of ancient biomaterial.

This article presents the results of a study on the properties of mammoth tusks (Mammuthus primigenius) after exposure to various conditions simulating natural and artificial environmental factors. It has been shown that storage conditions have a significant impact on the infection of tissues by microorganisms. It was established that the physicomechanical properties depend on the moisture content of the tusk tissues. The characteristics of cracking are determined by the ambient temperature, the influence of wind, and microorganisms present in the environment. Keyword: