Keyword: «soil degradation and erosion»

The article presents the results obtained during the research. It was established that water deficiency negatively affects all life processes of the living world, while there was mainly an imbalance of water exchange, espe-cially in cotton and wheat plants. The negative effect of soil salinity on physio-logical and biochemical and adaptive properties of plants. The results ob-tained can be used in the educational process for students and masters.