Keyword: «technology of problem situations»

According to the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation, as of November 2023, 355 thousand foreign students are studying in Russia, which is about 7.6% of the total number of university students. In this regard, there is a need to develop effective methods of teaching Russian as a foreign language that would take into account the specifics of teaching in higher education institutions. One of these techniques is the use of problem situations, which are actively used in various fields and can be successfully adapted for teaching foreign students. The purpose of this article is to study the use of technology of problem situations in the practice of teaching Russian as a foreign language in higher education. This technology is a method based on creating an educational environment where students are faced with real situations that require the use and development of speech and communication skills in Russian. This article discusses the basic principles of using the technology of problem situations in the practice of teaching Russian as a foreign language in higher education, namely the selection of suitable tasks for creating problem situations, the organization of group work and further feedback from students. Teaching Russian as a foreign language can be a difficult task, especially when foreign students are faced with situations in which they cannot correctly express their thoughts, both in everyday and academic life. Problem-based learning technology involves creating a situation in which students must use their communication skills in practice, and not just memorize grammatical rules. The study will analyze which topics and tasks can be used as problem situations, as well as what advantages and limitations exist when using this technology in higher education. One of the leading approaches to studying the problem is the analysis of existing research and publications on this topic. Particular attention is paid to the effectiveness of technology use and its impact on the learning process of foreign students. The technology of problem situations is an effective method of teaching Russian as a foreign language in higher education. It allows students to actively participate in the learning process, develops their communication skills and promotes a deeper understanding of the Russian language. The main results of the study show that the use of technology of problem situations in the practice of teaching Russian as a foreign language contributes to a more active involvement of students in the educational process. Specific situational tasks that require students to apply language skills in real life motivate them and arouse their interest in learning the language. Communicating through situational tasks allows them to use their language skills and learn new vocabulary and grammar.