Keyword: «ultrasonic»

The article is devoted to the use of ultrasonic vibrations for solving physical and technical problems under conditions of extremely low temperatures. Three areas of research are proposed for the energy efficient use of ultrasound in order to solve these problems, namely: control of the properties and type of the medium during exposure; identification of optimal regimes and conditions of influence on the basis of process modeling; development of criteria for the optimality of influencing modes for the practical implementation of the impact with maximum energy efficiency.

A physical mechanism is proposed for increasing the interfacial surface under the action of ultrasound during the bubbling process. The mechanism consists in accelerating the detachment of gas bubbles and in the formation of waves on the surface of the gas bubble. A model is proposed that makes it possible to determine the degree of increase in the interfacial surface, based on studying the formation of an ensemble of microscopic cavitation bubbles, vortex acoustic flows near an ultrasonic emitter, surface waves on the walls of a bubbling bubble (a probabilistic-statistical approach was used to determine the effect of shock waves of cavitation bubbles on the walls of bubbling bubbles). The main regularities are confirmed by experimental studies using high-speed filming methods. The results obtained serve as the basis for the development of a highly efficient technology for the utilization of harmful and hazardous gases that affect the climate and public health in liquids.