Keyword: «basalt fiber»

The actual problem of material science in obtaining composite elastomers is reinforcement by high-modulus fibers with increased technological and operational properties. The most widely known reinforcing filler is basalt fiber. The use of this filler raises the question of increasing the adhesion of fibers with the rubber matrix. The paper presents a method of increasing adhesion between the adhesive and the substrate by surface treatment of the reinforcing basalt fabric with a rubber mixture pre-dissolved in phenylmethane (toluene). The obtained material was studied for elastic-strength properties, where the wear resistance decreased by 12% and the hardness increased by 5%. The microstructure of low-temperature chips and tested specimens were also analyzed. According to the results of the tensile tests, there is a general trend of increasing the tensile strength values by 1.3 times and decreasing the relative elongation values by up to 2 times compared to the reinforced rubber. In the delamination test, this material showed an increase of 16.4%.

The influence of basalt fiber and the type of its laying on the strength properties of a composite material based on fresh ice has been studied. Regularities of damage accumulation in ice composite material are analyzed using the acoustic emission method. The experiments used massive samples obtained under natural conditions by layer-by-layer freezing. It is shown that with a doubling of the filler content, the bending strength of the ice composite increases by 1.5 times, and its durability increases. The scale effect of strength is discussed.