Keyword: «cross-cultural adaptation»

The study focuses on the problems of aliens' adaptation in foreign countries; on challenges they face after moving from other countries; on process of adjustment to different living standards and culture. Interest in the problem of adaptation in other cultures got practical value in 1950 s. This was due to the increase in migration, and also students and experts exchange between countries in that period. The number of people going to study abroad (schools, colleges, universities) is increasing year by year nowadays. Authors have analysed such phenomenons as "cultural shock" and “acculturation” to look at nature, to find the reasons and consequences of the intercultural adaptation of foreigners who moved to Russia and became residences.

This article investigates the specific challenges of conveying meaning in the translation of literary titles. The relevance of the research stems from the fact that inaccurate or overly liberal interpretations can distort the author’s intent and mislead target audiences. The aim is to analyze translation transformations applied to titles, including functional replacement, generalization, and cultural-historical concretization, using Russian and foreign literary works as source material. The analysis identifies key strategies for adapting literary titles, substantiates the inevitability of semantic losses, and demonstrates that adequacy criteria cannot be unified due to the inherently creative and culture-bound nature of literary translation.