Keyword: «fiber concrete»

The article presents the results of research on the use of fiber concrete as a material for the production of reinforced concrete sleepers. The advantages of dispersed reinforcement compared to traditional rod reinforcement are substantiated, and the regulatory requirements for concrete for underrail bases according to Russian standards are presented. The analysis of the composition of the fiber concrete mixture, the technology of molding, and the strength indicators is conducted. Recommendations are given for optimizing the dosage of steel fiber and the modes of heat and moisture treatment. It has been shown that the use of fiber concrete can increase the crack resistance, durability, and fatigue strength of sleepers, as well as reduce the labor intensity of production.

The article discusses current issues of earthquake-resistant construction and building protection from vibration loads in the context of the Russian Federation. It presents the evolution of the domestic regulatory framework, from the mid-20th century to the current sets of rules (SP 14.13330.2018, SP 441.1325800.2019). The article analyzes the basic principles of design, calculation methods (linear-spectral, nonlinear static, and dynamic), and requirements for building materials. Special attention is paid to fiber concrete, steel and composite materials, and elastomeric vibration isolators. Examples of completed projects under the Seismika program of the Russian Ministry of Construction (Chechen Republic, Kemerovo Region, Kamchatka) are provided. Recommendations are formulated for the use of hybrid seismic protection systems and the improvement of the reliability of buildings in seismically hazardous areas and near transport routes.