Keyword: «hydrocarbons»

The paper gives an assessment of the hydrocarbon state of soils from the territory of natural objects and in the area of possible technogenic impact of tank farms. According to the change in the chemical composition of hydrocarbons in soil extracts, deviations in the composition of soils in the area of tank farms from the natural geochemical background were established. This is expressed in an increased content of petroleum hydrocarbons, a bimodal distribution of n-alkanes with an additional maximum in the low molecular weight region, higher values of the isoprenoid/n-alkanes ratio, low values of the odd CPI coefficient and the presence of traces of aromatic hydrocarbons. All this may indicate a change in the natural background due to the high mobility of petroleum hydrocarbons with flood, rain and seasonal melt waters and atmospheric transport even at a distance from operating technogenic objects.

This paper presents data on the largest accidents associated with oil and petroleum product spills in the Re-public of Sakha (Yakutia). A comparative assessment of the condition of soils taken from the territory of a technogenic object (oil depot) and a natural object (forest lands) contaminated with oil products is given. It is shown that peculiarities of distribution and degradation of oil hydrocarbons depend on many factors such as: the volume of spilled oil products, their composition, period of occurrence and duration of exposure, type of soil, presence of permafrost, climatic features, etc. A comprehensive study of the peculiarities of oil hydro-carbons behavior in permafrost soils makes it possible to carry out scientifically based monitoring of the state of territories with high anthropogenic loads.