Keyword: «social expenditures»

In conditions of economic instability, public finances play a key role in ensuring the financial sustainability of the state. This article examines the main challenges faced by government finances during crises, including declining tax revenues, increasing social expenditures, and the necessity to maintain investment activity. Strategies aimed at optimizing budget expenditures, improving tax administration, and implementing effective mechanisms for government support are discussed. Particular attention is given to the role of government debt instruments and fiscal policy in mitigating the effects of economic shocks. In conclusion, the importance of flexibility and adaptability of financial institutions for ensuring sustainable development and social stability in conditions of uncertainty is emphasized.