Keyword: «water absorption»

Based on the study, the paper evaluates consumer properties of knitted fabrics for children of preschool age.

Mosses play a very important role in nature; despite their general properties, these plants have regional characteristics. The article presents the results of an experiment to study water absorption, adsorption, and antibacterial properties of mosses in the Tobolsk Irtysh region. On the basis of a series of experiments there have been formulated recommendations on the use of mosses in everyday life and medicine.

This study investigates the effect of polymethylsilsesquioxane aerogel on the water absorption of cement composites. The relevance of this research is driven by the need to enhance the durability of concrete structures exposed to aggressive water saturation and cyclic temperature variations. Concrete cube specimens with a 100 mm edge were fabricated using a constant mixed design, with aerogel added at 0%, 0.2%, 0.375%, and 0.475% by cement mass. Water absorption tests were performed in accordance with GOST 12730.3-2020. The results demonstrate that aerogel incorporation proportionally reduces water absorption. At the maximum dosage (0.475%), water absorption decreased from 5.70% to 3.10%, representing an approximate twofold reduction. These findings confirm the potential of superhydrophobic nanoporous aerogels as effective bulk modifiers for developing a water-repellent cement matrix without significantly increasing the structural mass.

Hydrophobization of thermal insulation materials based on basalt (stone) fiber and boards is aimed at reducing water absorption, increasing the durability, thermal protection, and operational characteristics of products. In recent decades, the development and implementation of effective hydrophobizing emulsions have become one of the key challenges in materials science and construction chemistry, as natural and operational factors (moisture, freezing-thawing cycles, and mechanical stress) significantly reduce the energy efficiency and service life of thermal insulation. This article summarizes modern approaches to hydrophobization of basalt/stone slabs and mineral wool products, describes the types of emulsions and their composition, and provides information on the application areas and relevance of these technologies at the current stage.