Keyword: «water supply»

Summary: The article explores the names of rivers and rivers, aryks in Tashkent and its region. A certain interest in scientific terms is the hydronymy of the Tashkent region of Uzbekistan. At the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th centuries, studies appear in the field of the history of toponyms. Toponymy develops as an independent science.. One of the characteristic features of hydronymy of the Tashkent region is that among hydronyms ethnohydronyms occupy a specific weight. Judging by the geographical names and current national composition of the population of the studied region, the bulk of the toponymizers are Uzbeks who speak the Kypchak dialect of the Uzbek language, the appearance of the Russian-speaking part of multinational Uzbekistan also left a mark on the origin of some hydronyms in the toponymy of the Tashkent region. It is the Slavic layer of hydronyms that is paid attention in the article

Based on the analysis of a wide range of sources, the author considers the improvement of cities on the outskirts of the Russian Empire at the beginning of the 20th century on the example of such a significant region as Western Siberia. Attention is paid to such aspects as: paving of streets, construction of bridges and dams, lighting, water supply. The article describes in detail the activities of city governments for the development of urban improvement in the region. The construction of the Trans-Siberian railway marked a new stage in the development of Siberia, which was manifested, including in the rapid growth of the urban population, the formation of new cities, the development of the urban economy, and the complexity of urban management. In the area of improvement development, two trends can be noted: on the one hand, the growth of income of urban magistrates in fast-growing cities gave more opportunities for the development of the city's infrastructure; on the other hand, the rapid growth of the population and development, constantly multiplied the problems. In general, the modernization of urban life on the far edge of the Russian Empire was manifested not only in the economy, but also in such areas as construction, construction and improvement, which, of course, determined the changes in the appearance of cities. The proportion of stone buildings increased, and the scale of buildings increased, especially public ones – educational and medical, entertainment, cultural and educational, as well as industrial and commercial buildings. Gas and electric lights, telephone and Telegraph poles, and billboards were more and more frequently seen on the streets. Thanks to the efforts of the city government and the citizens themselves, the appearance and improvement of the region's cities changed for the better.