Keyword: «western siberia»

The numerical composition of the military garrison of Tobolsk in the XVII century is considered. Special attention is paid to the number and functions of the Tobolsk serving Tatars.

The article analyzes ethnocultural interactions between the indigenous population of the Kazakh steppe and the Siberian Cossacks through the lens of the Siberian Cossacks' folklore tradition, which reveals the distinctive features of everyday life and the geographical conditions of the Steppe region. Special attention is given to substantiating the influence of interethnic contacts on the development of Cossack folklore and cultural identity. The results of a comparative analysis of historical songs are presented, highlighting key stages of contacts between ethnic groups. The influence of Kazakh vocabulary on the folklore of the Siberian Cossacks is noted, emphasizing the depth and complexity of these interactions. Particular attention is paid to aspects of folklore that allow for the tracing of cultural borrowing. The novelty of the study lies in the fact that the folklore material is presented as a comprehensive source for studying not only ethnocultural but also linguistic ties between the Siberian Cossacks and the Kazakhs, thereby expanding the understanding of the nature of interethnic interactions in this region.

Based on the analysis of census materials from 1897 to 1926, one of the forms of social differentiation is considered – cultural differentiation of the population of cities in the south of Western Siberia in the late 19th – early 20th centuries. Attention is paid to regional history and territorially covers the cities of the south of Western Siberia: Omsk, Petropavlovsk, Semipalatinsk, Ust-Kamenogorsk, Pavlodar, Biysk. The author addresses the clarification of the concept of "cultural differentiation". The results of the analysis of statistical materials are presented. The most numerous ethnic groups in the population of cities in the south of Western Siberia are identified, the number and proportion of the literate population are presented in dynamics based on the 1897 census, the 1897 and 1926 censuses. Using various historical eras as an example, the author notes changes in the social structure of urban society in Western Siberia in the specified chronological framework. The novelty of the study is seen in the consideration of the selected problem using the concept of limology as a methodological approach.

As a result of the study, it was determined that the fortress cities and prison towns have designated the vector of evolution of urbanization processes. Those that were located near navigable rivers or convenient dirt roads received an impetus for development. On the contrary, the absence of this factor subsequently led to the decay of urban settlements. An even more vivid example of such an impact is the beginning of railway communication in the region. The scale of the growth of both the territory and the urban population under the influence of this factor is obvious. In general, the administrative factor of urban development is quite justified for solving large-scale tasks of the state. However, at the same time, only those of the fortress cities and fortress towns of the XVI – XVIII centuries who managed to join the general economic system and become attractive settlements for merchants and burghers survived and significantly increased in size and population. The latter became possible where it was possible to ensure proper regional and interregional communication.