Pyotr Makyhin

The paper explains the heuristic approach to the dialectical interaction of the individual sciences and philosophy as the science of the universal (the issue of which is extremely important in the context of the ongoing reduction in the last teaching, evaluated as "non-core discipline"). As an example of such a heuricity, the author considers ideas of quantum theory creators, who contributed to the fact that in the framework of non-classical science objectivity of knowledge began to be understood in the aspect of "the adequacy of the theoretical description of reality" (which allows alternative, but equally appropriate options of such descriptions). The most striking example of the consequent impossibility of eliminating the "observer" of the scientific picture of the world is "uncertainty principle" as a special case of "principle of complementarity".

The paper explains the following thesis: the interpretation of laws, fixed by the term "anthropic principle", in line with the natural theology (which takes place in the works of a number of theologians and philosophers, as well as representatives of the natural sciences) paradoxically leads to a result opposite to the plan of representatives of natural theology. After comprehending their reasoning, it is reasonable to evaluate the past as an argument in favor of the existence of objective boundaries of the divine will and power. This contradiction is regarded by us as a particular manifestation of the inherent contradictions of natural theology as such, which does not seem constructive option of dialogue between science and religion, and their "mixing".

The paper (based on the correlation of the volume of the concepts "theology", "natural theology", "philosophical theology") unfolds the position, according to which "natural theology" is a kind of "philosophical theology" (different from the "theology of revealed"), under which the results of the scientific study of nature is interpreted as evidence for the existence of its Creator. As a result, consideration of the major milestones of "natural theology" makes explicit the following contradiction. The same religious tenets, which are part of the natural theology of modern times justified by an appeal to the central principles of mechanistic CCM in natural theology Newest time began to settle by using modern scientific data (e.g., the anthropic principle as the one of the central ideas of modern cosmology). Those. as evidence of the same religion claims used and characteristic of classical science, the image of the universe as a "perfectly precise mechanism", and the denial of science in such a way postnonclassical (one of the central ideas of which is the global / universal evolutionism). This contradiction allows us to estimate the natural theology is not as fruitful attempt of dialogue between science and religion (which must lie on a different plane than attempt to prove the dogmas of the last reference to the data of the first), but as appealing to Heisenberg, their "mixing" and mutual "dissolution".

The debate on the anthropic principle is one of the basic propositions of modern cosmology – accumulating philosophical and ideological ideas on the issue of "person-world" and therefore give rise to an extremely wide range of products, in an article comprehended in the following manner. Summoned in the second half of the twentieth century. This principle a major stir in part because the entry of the anthropic principle in modern science has changed the scientific picture of the world, and especially those ideas that were the basis of “the fear of Pascal”.