Keyword: «and intergroup comparison»

Social identity is the individual's awareness of their belonging to a specific social group, which includes cognitive, emotional, and evaluative components. It plays an important role in shaping political views and behavior, as political preferences often reflect the interests and norms of a social group, providing a sense of group solidarity and mobilization. Social identity theories, particularly those developed by Tajfel and Turner, explain how identification with a group contributes to the formation of political self-esteem and collective identity. The importance of social identity is increasing in the context of globalization and migration processes, making political orientation more complex and variable. Social identity serves as the foundation for the formation of political consciousness and behavior, providing a deep understanding of the political dynamics of modern society.