Keyword: «basalt fiber-reinforced polymers»

A review of long-term studies on the durability of basalt fiber-reinforced polymer composites operated in cold climate conditions is presented. The necessity of an integrated analysis at the micro-, meso-, and macro-scale levels is substantiated. The key degradation mechanisms of the epoxy matrix within the composite structure are identified, including moisture and thermal diffusion processes, UV-induced degradation, biological impact, and the development of internal stresses under thermal cycling, which lead to changes in fiber–matrix interfacial adhesion and defect accumulation. The advantages of basalt composites over glass fiber-reinforced composites in terms of property retention during prolonged service are demonstrated.