Keyword: «city»

Marina Tsvetaeva’s conceptual sphere, in particular, the concept of is investigated in this article; moreover, the main parameters are exposed here. The images of Moscow and Paris created by M. Tsvetaeva in the modus of deep features, often not explicitly expressed are also under analysis; additionally, other pictures based on the cultural and biographical recollections of the poet are examined in this article.

The author’s individual comprehension of the concept of <сity> in the modern Russian linguoculture is considered in the article on the material of song texts of the XX-XXI centuries. It is established, these semantic increments are emotionally-evaluated with the assessments of a city are varying from maximally positive to sharply negative. The main directions of the city comprehension are highlighted through the analysis: an ideal city, native, real, a foreign one. In the latter case, we have observed an evaluative contrast between a city and a village. Typical images of the city are gathered around its characteristics of streets, houses, parks, cathedrals and bridges.

As a result of the study, it was determined that the fortress cities and prison towns have designated the vector of evolution of urbanization processes. Those that were located near navigable rivers or convenient dirt roads received an impetus for development. On the contrary, the absence of this factor subsequently led to the decay of urban settlements. An even more vivid example of such an impact is the beginning of railway communication in the region. The scale of the growth of both the territory and the urban population under the influence of this factor is obvious. In general, the administrative factor of urban development is quite justified for solving large-scale tasks of the state. However, at the same time, only those of the fortress cities and fortress towns of the XVI – XVIII centuries who managed to join the general economic system and become attractive settlements for merchants and burghers survived and significantly increased in size and population. The latter became possible where it was possible to ensure proper regional and interregional communication.