Keyword: «legal consciousness»

In this article the author analyzes in detail the theoretical and methodological foundations of studies of legal culture of a future specialist, examines the problem of formation of legal culture specialist, and describes the legal consciousness and thinking young

The paper shows the difference between the interpretation of the law time as the legalization of the conditions of action of the different legal rules and legal understanding of time as a prerequisite for the emancipation of the legal consciousness. The latter interpretation is developing the mainstream phenomenological methodology, especially the constitutive analysis. As a result, the traditional view of legal time complemented by a characteristic of a temporality, which is found in the experience of justice. Thus passive syntheses using time perspective of the justice to find the reason the stability of the existence of I, its inclusion in the synchronization process and discipline produced the "official" legal time. Active synthesis focused on the constitution of the new and shaping of old meanings, "revolutionizing" of justice, and I experienced legal time is becoming ever more intense. Wherein legal I do not identify with the dominant stability, and with expectations actualization of its the existence. That is why I am committed to “modernize” that it is included in the prospects for the existence of the other people.

The relevance of the studied problem is due to the disappointing statistics of crimes and offenses committed by minors, and more frequent high-profile crimes with manifestations of cruelty not characteristic of them, as well as a significant number of scientific and other publications on the issue being studied, and publications in electronic and print media. We have no a unified approach to legal education in Russia now; students of some educational organizations, at the initiative of regional authorities or teachers, study the basics of legal disciplines more thoroughly in comparison with other students who study law only within specific topics. This approach puts students in unequal positions, it does not contribute to crime prevention, as well as to increasing the general legal socialization of the younger generation. In this regard, it seems appropriate to consider the possibility of developing a unified concept of legal education in Russia. The purpose of this study is to identify existing problems in the implementation of legal education in Russia and to offer recommendations for reducing their negative impact. It is assumed that the goal will be achieved as a result of the analysis of existing trends and measures of legal socialization in Russia; understanding of the historical experience of legal socialization; definition of approaches to the implementation of legal socialization abroad; studying the opinions of students and teachers on the need for legal socialization, and existing problems by means of questionnaires. The main result of the scientific research is to identify the existing problems of implementing legal socialization in Russia and to offer recommendations for reducing the negative impact of its implementation problems at the present stage in Russia, in particular, specific measures that may be included in the Unified Concept of Legal Education. Based on the results of questionnaire answers of students in grades 8–11 of the Sverdlovsk region educational institutions, the main problems in the study of legal disciplines were identified, the main of which was the students' awareness of a lack of legal knowledge. During the study, synthesis, sociological, and analytical methods were used. This study will be useful for both theoretical and practical workers, in particular, for the teachers of junior and senior grades, staffs in the field of education, developing educational programs and standards, law enforcement officers working with minors, and it may also be used for further research and development.

In the modern world there are higher requirements to the professional ethics of a lawyer. They influence the formation of a highly moral professional legal consciousness of a lawyer-professional, guided in professional activities by the norms of morality, professional ethics and official etiquette. The article presents the main requirements related to the meaning of professional ethics, imposed on all representatives of legal professions in modern Russian society.