Anastasiya О. Aleksina

Today, issues concerning the rights of people with disabilities are becoming more and more relevant. To create a society of equal opportunities, it is necessary to create an environment where persons with disabilities can take a full part in all spheres of life, including physical activity and sports. Integration of inclusive solutions in the development of modern educational and sports programs is a fundamentally important task that requires the most versatile approaches and the development of universal methodological programs. The relevance of the study is due to the need to create and implement effective integration models that will allow students with disabilities not only to play sports in general groups, but also to socially adapt, increase self-esteem and improve the quality of life. The modern implementation of barrier-free programs and increased attention to inclusion issues presupposes the particular importance of studying this area. The purpose of the scientific article is to analyze the theoretical and practical aspects of integrating students with disabilities and health limitations into physical education and sports (FEaS), as well as to study the impact of inclusion on their self-esteem, socialization and adaptation. As part of the study, modern directions and methods in the field of introducing inclusive programs in general education and sports processes were analyzed; the main theoretical approaches to the problem of integrating persons with disabilities into sports activities and the results of relevant experiments and research on the topic were studied. An experiment was conducted to identify factors that have a decisive impact on the effectiveness of integration and the success of adaptation for students with disabilities in a sports environment. The participants in the experiment were divided into two focus groups: one was engaged in the current methods of teaching FEaS to students with disabilities, the second was engaged in an inclusive environment, together with students without health restrictions. The main results of the study showed a positive impact of inclusion on the self-esteem and socialization of students with disabilities, which is confirmed by statistically significant improvements in the indicators of adaptation to sports and social communication. The theoretical significance of this work lies in the development of the concept of an inclusive approach in sports, which contributes to the scientific understanding of the adaptation of people with different disabilities. Practical significance is reflected in the possibility of applying the results obtained to the development of updated inclusive sports programs and creating a healthy environment for training students from different health groups, which contributes to their full integration into society.

The use of artificial intelligence (AI) in sports programs is becoming a trend of the last decade. The introduction of modern technologies allows you to increase the motivation of students for physical education and sports, improve the results of their training and reduce the risk of injury. The study of the issue is especially relevant now when, in the context of the rapid development of AI and changes in the requirements for training specialists in the field of physical education and sports, there is a need to introduce modern approaches and methods into the educational process. Artificial intelligence has been used in professional sports for several years, allowing us to increase the efficiency of both team and individual training. Its use in the educational process at universities will help to significantly improve the quality of education and motivate students to keep playing sports after graduation from the educational institution. The aim of the study is to develop a methodology for introducing AI into the educational process within the discipline "Physical Education and Sports" (FEaS) in universities of the Samara region. An in-depth analysis of the scientific literature on the issue of introducing AI into learning processes was made, and an experimental study was conducted. As part of the experiment, the participants were divided into two groups: one kept exercising within the framework of the traditional educational process, the second actively used AI to create an individual training plan for each student. Based on the results of the study, a number of proposals were developed to introduce web resources using artificial intelligence, mobile applications and wearable devices into the educational process. This will reduce the risk of injury during training, improve the individual performance of students and increase their involvement due to gamification. The theoretical significance of the study lies in the developed methodology for teaching students sports disciplines using modern mobile applications based on AI as an analogue of the current training programs for physical education and sports. The practical significance of the study lies in the potential to use modern technologies to build new learning processes, to increase youth interest in FEaS, to reduce the risks of injuring students during exercises and find more effective training options, taking into account the individual characteristics of each student.

Opportunities for teaching physical education and sports using VR technologies and simulators make it possible to create conditions that are as close as possible to real competitions and training, facilitating rapid and complete assimilation of the material and increasing student motivation. The development of computer technologies for modeling scenarios and creating virtual reality makes it possible to use VR in various fields, including sports training for schoolchildren, students and professional athletes. Recent studies show that virtual reality can significantly improve the effectiveness and quality of sports training, while promoting the physical development of young people and the development of modern sports. The introduction of innovative programs is especially relevant now, when there is a process of critical reflection on many theoretical and practical methods in the field of physical education of youth within the framework of standard educational programs. VR technologies are gradually being introduced into training programs for professional athletes in high-performance sports and can significantly improve the quality of education among schoolchildren and students. The aim of the work is to identify the influence of the latest virtual technologies on the results of students’ sports training, as well as to find out their effectiveness in comparison with traditional teaching methods. As part of the study, we made an analysis of current trends in the use of virtual reality and simulators in sports and also examined the results of previous scientific research on this topic. An experimental study was conducted during which the participants were divided into two groups: one was trained exclusively within the framework of standard curriculum, the second with the additional use of modern simulators. The study resulted in a number of proposals for the development of a new methodology for physical education classes and sports using VR technologies, which allow one to apply the skills and experience gained in a virtual environment in the real world. The theoretical significance of the study lies in the developed methodology for teaching youth sports disciplines and physical education using simulators and VR technologies as a more effective analogue of the standard curriculum. The practical significance of the study lies in the possibility of using computer technologies to optimize the learning process, as well as to organize sports training in any conditions.

This article discusses pedagogical technologies of training sports reserve in various sports that contribute to the improvement of the athletes training system at the initial stage of preparation for a professional sport. The purpose of the research is the development and scientific justification of the pedagogical technologies for training reserve in various sports. The relevance of the article is due to the fact that great importance has been attributed recently to the improvement of the training system for the sports reserve, which ensures the replenishment of the national teams.