Keyword: «crime prevention»

The article discusses the problem of psychological and criminological prevention of crimes committed by means of communication technology. Criminological prevention of crimes means that investigators (detectives), operational officers, as well as specialists and experts use the technical resources, techniques and methods which are aimed at identifying and eliminating the causes of crimes and the conditions conducive to their commission. However, given the fact that crimes are committed by people, criminological tools, techniques and methods will not be enough to prevent crimes if they are not supported by psychological ones. The main psychological means are persuasion, suggestion, an example, a method of transmitting information, setting and varying tasks, etc. Psychological and criminological prevention of crimes committed with the use of communicative technologies can be divided into measures of organizational and psychological, technical and criminological, legal and scientific- methodological nature.

The prevention of crimes motivated by hatred and enmity is a global problem due to the processes of globalization and the development of information technology. Of particular importance is the consideration and in-depth comprehensive analysis of various approaches to understanding such a negative social phenomenon as extremism. Special attention should be paid to that part of “extremism” that is associated with the commission of criminal acts based on any hatred or enmity. It is worth noting that it is in the criminal qualification of these acts that the most serious problems are associated with the application of measures to counter extremism in practice. Actions to combat extremism should include comprehensive measures to prevent and combat it. The main reason for the enthusiasm of certain individuals for extremist ideas is not the existence of relevant literature or the activities of extremist organizations - these phenomena only find favorable soil in the minds, sufficiently processed by the negative socio-economic state of society, which cannot be corrected only by legal methods with a suppressive bias.

The article deals with the problem of legislative regulation of criminal liability for the commission of crimes, the subject of which are objects of cultural heritage. The purpose of the study is to analyze the provisions of the criminal legislation of the Russian Federation in order to find problems of law enforcement when bringing to responsibility established by law for violations in the field of protection of cultural heritage objects. As a result of the study, problems were identified in the construction of elements of crimes against objects of cultural heritage, and a comparative legal analysis of the norms of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation and the Criminal Code of the Federal Republic of Germany was carried out. The features of the prevention of these crimes are presented, a «road map» of prevention is proposed based on the law enforcement practice of the North-Western Federal District.

The monitoring and supervisory bodies establish and implement a large number of programs for the prevention of violations of the mandatory requirements of normative legal acts, as well as those established by municipal legal acts. These activities are carried out from the budget of the Russian Federation, so it is worth noting the need to assess the effectiveness of their spending. However, at present there are no criteria and methodology for assessing the effectiveness of monitoring and oversight bodies, which determines the relevance of the topic of this article.

The article deals with the issue of organizing preventive work in the People's Republic of China (hereinafter referred to as the PRC) aimed at preventing juvenile delinquency. This topic is relevant for study, since the concept presented by Chinese legislation is of a different nature from other states. When studying the characteristics of the subject composition, their obligations, the process of organizing prevention, it is possible to further incorporate successful methods into the Russian legal system. The purpose of the work is to identify the characteristic features of the organization of work on the prevention of juvenile delinquency provided for by Chinese legislation. The main regulatory legal act regulating this topic is being studied – the Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention of Juvenile Delinquency. The subject composition is considered, which is authorized to carry out preventive activities. The function of the influence of the family institute and educational institutions on the formation of legal views, values, attitudes and their role in the prevention system is analyzed.