Keyword: «equivalents»

The article deals with the concept of "idiom", and also provides methods of working with phraseological expressions. The author of the article offers step-by-step instructions for learning English idioms: starting with the analysis of interpretation, ending with memorizing and applying expressions in speech. One of the possible classifications of English idioms based on their Russian equivalents is given.

The article examines Kazakh proverbs and sayings as exponents of the artistic and aesthetic needs of the people. An analysis of the literature showed that proverbs and sayings were first studied by Akhmet Baitursynov, and then their study was continued at the modern level by a number of scientists. It is mentioned that proverbs and sayings were recorded in the Orkhon-Yenisei monuments to Kultegin and Tonyukuk, dating back to the VIІ th – VIIІ th centuries, and were also described in the ХІ th century “Diuani Lugat-at Turk” by Mahmud al-Kashgari. It is emphasized that Kazakh proverbs and sayings in the XIX th century. became the subject of study by such educational scientists as Sh. Ualikhanov, Y. Altynsarin, V. Katarinsky, Abay Kunanbaev. A comparative analysis of proverbs and sayings of single-structure Turkic languages, as well as Kazakh and Russian proverbs and sayings in the translation aspect is given. It is noted that in Turkic languages, proverbs and sayings are equivalent, and when translating Kazakh and Russian proverbs and sayings, there is a greater coincidence of meaning and an identical structure. Consequently, the Russian analogue in meaning is most often used as a translation technique; in this case, the lexical and grammatical meaning may differ from the original version. It is indicated that proverbs and sayings are important in educating the younger generation, which is the originator and successor of Kazakh culture, including artistic and aesthetic ones.