Keyword: «everyday life»

The article is devoted to the study of the role of objects and things in everyday life. Describes the impact of small details of everyday things and on everyday culture. Things and objects are analyzed from the point of view of the bearers of cultural values and meanings. The author draws attention to key concepts like every-day life, everyday life, material reality, household items, little things in life.

Based on the materials of the state Archive of the Voronezh region and the State archive of social and political history of the Voronezh region, the author investigates the problem of everyday life of the urban population of the Central black earth region. Special attention is paid to the communal life of the residents of the regional center – Voronezh. The novelty of the research is seen in the fact that previously unused sources are introduced into scientific circulation, which are analyzed on a new methodological basis for domestic science, in the context of actual microhistoric topics. The relevance of the research topic is explained by numerous historical Parallels characteristic of two modernization epochs: our modernity and the period of global transformation of the late 20s-30s. The research is based on the achievements of Soviet and modern Russian historiography, including the works of Voronezh historians V. p. Zagorovsky and V. I. Panova. The paper focuses on such aspects of everyday life of citizens as: housing problem, social development, interpersonal relationships, social deviations. It is emphasized that the problems of the urban population increased against the background of constant population growth due to migration from villages and villages, where the situation was even worse and living conditions even more difficult. Especially suffered from the influx of migrants regional center, most of the inhabitants of which crowded into shacks and barracks. Considered as social institutions of cities of Chernozem region: the children's homes and nurseries, children's homes, the commune school for the deaf and others, described their poor living conditions and numerous violations. In conclusion, it is concluded that the unsolved domestic issues in the first place the housing problem gave rise to a series of social deviations, and the domestic disorder of most urban residents did not allow them to fully perceive the innovations of the cultural revolution, which the Communist state will promote in the years of industrialization.

Based on Hegel's methodology, Max Weber's sociological principles, the problematization of everyday life, the following are analyzed: the state as a subject of right (law); "people"; "the individ". “Subiectnost” is defined as a process by which the subject is becoming the subject of “subiectnost”. Social projection of “subiectnost” is understood as a specific form of activity that involves the ability of a social subject to transform environment into an object or medium that aligns with their rational goals and choice. Legal relations, refracted in “subiectnost” into special modes of behavior; the "scales of corporeality" of a social subject, are codified in projections of “subiectnost” of legal relations.

The old «Scribes' Books» mention «the best people» among the inhabitants of Nizhny Novgorod, who sail along the Volga River on ships and are engaged in various types of trade. Nizhny Novgorod provided favorable conditions for the promotion of the most talented and persistent people from the common people to the ranks of the merchants, as well as leading industrialists and financiers. They actively participated in trade fairs, raised capital for the development of enterprises and made a significant contribution to the development of the city. Thus, the history of Nizhny Novgorod merchants is rich in achievements and contribution to the economic development of the region. Old traditions and values are passed down from generation to generation, and Nizhny Novgorod merchants continue to play an important role in modern society, maintaining their reputation as the «best people» of the region.