Keyword: «gymnasium»

Paper is devoted to the history of gymnasium education in pre-revolutionary Russia in the Oryol province.

The paper is devoted to the history of gymnasium education in pre-revolutionary Russia in the Oryol province.

The paper is devoted to questions of formation and specificity of educational activity of gymnasiums in the Oryol province. Both educational and training process played the important role in the gymnasium. Accord-ing to the opinion, extended in the middle of 19 century, it is necessary to bring up children first. The author tries to reveal the role of upbringing in the pre-revolutionary gymnasium.

Teachers with university education, who work in the public schools, have made a significant contribution to the development of the Oryol region, which had no secondary education before. Among them were founders of libraries, newspaper business, first musical groups, scientists working on the creation of textbooks for Russian schools, writers and philosophers. The paper focuses on the impact of the faculty of gymnasiums on the development of cultural and educational environment of the Oryol province.

On the basis of personal documents introduced into scientific circulation for the first time, in particular the unique memories of graduates of the gymnasium, materials from local and central periodicals, archival material, pre-revolutionary and modern literature, the author reconstructs the most important aspects in the activities of the educational institution during the period of study in it by Dmitry Mendeleev (1840 – 1849): the content of the educational process, the quality of teaching subjects, social portraits and biographies of teachers and graduates of the gymnasium, textbooks and manuals, teaching methods, academic performance, material base, focusing on the inner atmosphere of the gymnasium, relationships in the team. The novelty of the research is seen in the fact that it reveals the close environment of Men-deleev's student, the biographies of his fellow students and the most outstanding teachers, their teaching methods and relationships within the gymnasium staff.