Keyword: «natural sciences»

The pedagogical community contemplates the dynamism of changes in the educational environment. Pedagogical activity is changing. This is due to the impact of new technological conditions and situations of social interaction. There is a need for teachers to use virtual educational environments. The factors that influence the development and growing interest in gamification in education are: pedagogical potential of games, interest in technology, a certain connection between the game process and the learning process, the ideas of developing cognitive interest as a motivation for learning and the possible coordination of various resources with the educational process. The educational policy of developed countries is based on educational analytics, which makes it possible, using data sets, to process pedagogical information and introduce new innovative teaching technologies into the educational process to increase the efficiency of the education system. The relevance of the topic is associated with the need to expand the practice of innovative pedagogical teaching technologies, which is determined by the requirements of industry, scientific and technological progress and social relations. The vocational education system, changing the formats of educational programs, expands the didactic potential using new pedagogical technologies: gamification, robotic platforms and artificial intelligence in teaching. International experience testifies to the significant use of gaming technologies in the practice of teaching in various areas: socio-economic, natural science, IT areas and others. Russian educational practices, while modernizing the education system, also use gaming technologies in non-gaming processes in order to increase the motivation and involvement of users of educational services. The purpose of the work is to identify the pedagogical potential of using software and platforms with gamification technologies in the vocational education system using the example of the Novosibirsk Medical College. The theoretical significance of the article is in justification of using gaming technologies and massive open online courses (MOOCs) for secondary vocational education. It is recommended to use MOOC platforms with multimedia and gamified content for disciplines of the natural science cycle, integrating them into the educational process.

The article deals with the professional orientation of students of natural science areas of a pedagogical university to the profession of a teacher. The main features and problems of professional orientation are discussed.

The economic discourse of the early Modern period offers an analysis of specific key phenomena: property, finance, commerce, trade, population growth and economic development, as well as studies of economic inequality and equity of distribution. Many of the leading philosophers of Modern times, from Nicolaus Copernicus to Adam Smith, have made huge contributions to economics. In the early Modern period, there were at least a dozen schools of economic thought. Impressively, by the end of the 18th century, many basic principles and laws relating to money, markets and trade had already been formulated and many of the methods of economics – model building, time series analysis, statistical estimation, game theory and decision theory – already existed.

The study of the development of different types of thinking in university students is quite relevant today. In the modern conditions of a rapidly changing reality, it is important to train specialists of a new type, capable of acting on the basis of flexible algorithms, independently designing new methods, algorithms and types of activity. The development of such abilities is determined by the special type of thinking – inventive thinking, the development of which in specialists requires new approaches and methods in training. The development of inventive thinking can also be determined by the content of training. The article presents the study of the problem of developing inventive thinking in university students, that is, thinking that allows them to critically evaluate incoming information and transform it, thereby applying new activity algorithms, rather than copying existing ones. Training of personnel who can quickly solve complex and non-trivial problems, transform existing algorithms and sequences of actions within the framework of educational, work and other activities is relevant. At the present stage, there is rather weak methodological support of teachers who train students in educational organizations of higher education system, in terms of developing inventive thinking. The aim of the study is to analyze the conditions for developing inventive thinking among students of educational organizations of higher professional education, including within the framework of studying disciplines of the natural science cycle. The following tasks were solved: approaches to the problem of developing inventive thinking were analyzed; pedagogical conditions for the development of inventive thinking (organizational, conditions of the content of training, methodological conditions) were identified. The potential of the content of natural science disciplines as one of the means of developing inventive thinking was analyzed. In the course of the work, a number of pedagogical conditions was identified that could contribute to the development of inventive thinking. The theoretical significance of the study lies in the fact that the work systematizes approaches to defining and understanding the essence of inventive thinking. An approach to understanding inventive thinking is presented: both as an integrative quality of the individual and as a system of competences formed in the process of learning and other activities. The main conditions for the development of inventive thinking are identified. The practical significance of the presented study lies in the fact that in the course of the work, recommendations were given for the development of inventive thinking of students in the framework of university training.

The article discusses the problem of training future engineers in terms of building up their general and professional competence. The urgency of this problem is due to the request of the state and society for training highly qualified specialists. The authors analyze conditions for the development of general and professional competence among students of engineering specialties. The relevance of the research topic is due to the need to train engineering personnel at the present time, taking into account the rapidly changing needs of society, the state, and the economy in such personnel. Satisfaction of this need can be ensured exclusively by improving the quality of training of future engineers, primarily by developing their general and special competences. The aim of the study is to analyze the role of natural science disciplines in the formation of the professional competence of future engineers. Research objectives include: characterization of the process of studying natural science disciplines from the perspective of their content, formed in the study of knowledge and ideas; research on the role of natural science disciplines in the formation of the professional competence of future engineers. Within the framework of the study, a systematic approach was applied, which considers competency as a characteristic of a person and a combination of knowledge, abilities, skills, value orientations and work experience. The main results of the study are presented in the form of an identified set of methodological and organizational conditions that ensure the formation of professional competence of future engineers through the study of natural science disciplines. The formation of common and special competences among future engineers is achieved through the formation of comprehensive ideas of the objects of the world around them. Conditions for this are created when studying natural science disciplines. An analysis of the specifics of the content of natural sciences in terms of the possibility to build up general and professional competence of engineering students is presented. The theoretical significance of the study is due to the systematization of knowledge and ideas about the role of natural sciences in the formation of the professional competence of engineering students, the possibilities of the modern education system to ensure a higher level of professional competence. An overview of various authors’ opinions on the conditions for the formation of general and professional competence of engineering students is presented. The practical significance of the study is due to the fact that the identified conditions for training future engineers through the study of natural sciences make it possible to ensure a high level of professional competence among future engineers without transforming the educational process, but only by changing the forms of organization of educational activities. The novelty of the study lies in the fact that the work presents a description of the methodology for developing general and professional competencies in engineering students through the study of natural science disciplines.