Lada Alpeeva

This study deals with the problems of foreign military personnel adaptation in the system of pre-University training in higher military educational institutions of the Russian Federation. Due to the increasing contingent of foreign militaries, according to the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 204 of May 7, 2018, we need a scientifically grounded approach to the process of foreign military personnel training in higher military schools of the Russian Federation, especially at the stage of preparatory course. In the main courses, foreign militaries are trained according to the approved guidelines for Russian cadets and students, but at the preparatory course, there are methodological flaws in the part related to the guidelines, namely in the list of competences that the graduate of the preparatory course should acquire. According to the author, one of the most important competences of the military University preparatory course graduate is that of adaptation. To successfully master this competence, which is formed from the types of adaptations, it is necessary to create a system of multi-aspect adaptation training. This system should include the interaction of several units of a military University: special faculty, Russian language chair, medical service, department for work with personnel, scientific work organization department. The aim of this study is to create a model of multi-aspect adaptation system of foreign personnel training on the basis of the modeling method together with the theoretical analysis and observation. The choice of method allows us to determine relations and functions of the system components, to investigate the principles of separate units’ interaction in the organization of the foreign military personnel training on the basis of the analysis and observation. The study revealed some drawbacks of the existing system of foreign military personnel training on the preparatory stage, such as the absence of adaptability competence, one of the main competences of the preparatory course graduate, which is not identified as one of the leading along with the communicative competence of the preparatory course graduate, and it is not reflected in the regulatory documents. In this regard, there are no methodological recommendations for this competence formation, and there is no controlling mechanism for mastering this competence. As a result of the study it is found that the model of the multi-aspect adaptation system of foreign military personnel training allows us: a) to eliminate methodological gaps in the regulatory documents; b) to involve additional units of the military University - medical service, department for work with personnel, scientific work organization department, along with the Russian language chair and the special faculty, in the systematic and consistent training of foreign personnel. The author also briefly describes, based on the results of the study, what functions should be performed by these units, and also offers methodological support for the system of multi-aspect adaptation training.

The article is devoted to the study of archaisms and historicisms in the literary works of V.M. Shukshin. The work was carried out using the methods of lexicology and linguistic analysis of the text, i.e. lexicographic work was carried out using dictionaries, and the use and functioning of archaisms and historicisms was carefully analyzed in the works of the selected writer. The author hypothesized that V. M. Shukshin, as a master of artistic description of mostly rural and illiterate people, used widely not only dialect and vernacular vocabulary in his works, but also archaisms and historicisms. It is important that, according to our assumptions, V. M. Shukshin used these outdated lexemes in the living colloquial speech of the Siberian village inhabitants, which he describes in many works.