Yulia D. Ermakova

The relevance of this study is due to the public demand for cooperation between universities and businesses, which leads to significant changes in the higher education system in the light of recent geopolitical, social and economic conditions. However, at the same time, it is necessary to preserve the continuity of the key elements of higher education, which are assessed by the academic community as paramount in the formation of a sustainable interest of students. The aim of this study is to explore the potential of effective use of micro-credentials (micro-qualifications) in the system of traditional higher education. In this regard, the task list includes: description of possible ways of cooperation between universities and business; study of micro-credentials as one of the promising points of contact between university and business; identification of the main prerequisites that affect the existing paradigm of higher education. In the course of our research, theoretical methods were used (comparative analysis, literature analysis, causal analysis, forecasting), as well as empirical methods (questionnaires, data processing) on the basis of the Volga State Transport University and Samara State Technical University. The signs identified in the course of the study indicate the ongoing gradual evolution of vocational training. Namely, this is reflected in the portfolio of students, in the configuration of the higher education system and in pedagogical methodologies. In this regard, adaptability and personalization of education is realized through micro-credentials, which are implemented taking into account the unique needs and preferences of students, which allows them to accumulate experience in several areas of training and develop a more flexible combination of competences based on the needs of the labor market. Such an activity-oriented approach makes it possible to strategically select micro-credentials that complement each other. The theoretical significance of the research lies in the deepening of knowledge on the problem of finding common ground between the traditional teaching system in universities and the actualization of innovations that define the conceptual transformations of higher education. The practical significance of the research lies in the field of using the obtained data in the working programs of universities, as one of their main components of the educational program, which determines the general structure of the discipline, adapting them to the real needs of business. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the fact that the results obtained allow us to conclude that it is possible to expand the format of teaching in universities by introducing micro-credentials, while maintaining the necessary academicism and fundamentality.

ChatGPT (Generative Pre-trained Transformer) is artificial intelligence that can answer any user's question in the manner of a constructed text. It is already widespread and popular with most students. ChatGPT is able to write dissertations, pass medical tests or even make court decisions. However, it is worth noting that the appearance of this chatbot shocked the academic and university world: there was a scandal in one of the Russian universities in February 2023 because of a graduate qualification work written by ChatGPT neural network. The relevance of this research is due to the fact that this chatbot simultaneously attracts and worries the world pedagogical community by raising some ethical questions. Can ChatGPT clarify complex concepts and structure ideas in addition to creating smart mentors and teaching assistants? Is there any risk to create unoriginal, inaccurate or misleading content, as well as decrease creativity and skills? Will this tool be able to support pedagogical practice and successful studies, or will it endanger the fundamental education? What are the ways to reduce the risks by using ChatGPT in education? The authors of this research answered these questions. The scientific merit of the work is to consider trends in the development of artificial intelligence technologies in education, as well as possible scenarios for the application and impact of ChatGPT. Today, there are no clear rules in educational institutions regarding the use of artificial intelligence for educational purposes. The academic novelty of the study is that the authors identified and described the negative and positive aspects of using ChatGPT in education, and also formulated certain conditions to use painlessly the text generator in training. The methodological basis of the study is the analysis of Russian and foreign scientific literature on the development of artificial intelligence, in general, and the use of ChatGPT, in particular, as well as the synthesis and generalization of the results obtained.

The digital age has led to social changes, and people become more informed and connected. Consequently, the way of consumption has also changed from offline mode to a mix of online and offline one. In the era of digital technologies and economic crisis, service providers are looking for new sales channels in order to survive under nowadays market conditions. The relevance of this study is due to the fact that marketplaces in education are a relatively new phenomenon which has been gaining popularity in the last few years. They are online platforms that provide an opportunity for students and trainers to exchange knowledge, skills and experience. The first marketplace of educational courses was launched in the Russian Federation in March 2023. There are no analogues to it in Russia today. The purpose of the paper is to identify the prospects for the development of educational marketplaces in our country. The study of marketplaces in education is important, as it allows to understand the education processes, and to identify new approaches to training. From a theoretical perspective, the study of educational courses marketplace helps realize students’ needs and preferences, as well as assess the impact of technology on education and develop new approaches to learning. From a practical perspective, marketplaces provide access to a wide range of courses and subjects that may not be available in traditional educational institutions. This can be especially useful for residents of remote areas or citizens living abroad. In addition, marketplaces can provide access to courses on new technologies and specialized subjects. The authors of the paper point out both advantages and disadvantages of the introduction of marketplaces in education. They believe that marketplaces can be of great benefit to education as long as high level of security and confidentiality, as well as quality control and content monitoring mechanisms are provided. Marketplaces can be partners to educational institutions and experts to ensure compliance with educational standards.