Rimma Karaseva

Basic professional competences of economist assumes that he owns the methods of building and using mathematical models. Acquaintance with mathematical models of basic economic situations should begin during the first years of study. The paper presents an overview of the main mathematical models used in various fields of economy and industry.

The ability to solve research character problems is one of the foundations of governmental competences of the modern engineer. Discussion the ideas of solving applied tasks at mathematics classes enhances the professional competence of future engineers. The paper considers the problem of pursuit in a limited area, which can be used in the study of mathematics at technical university. When solving problems the basic properties of numerical series are used. Consideration of such problems in practical classes helps students more easily understand complex theoretical material.

Using econometric models gives big advantages over other ways of finding the best solution from an eco-nomic point of view. Transportation problem is one of the most commonly used at the enterprises of eco-nomic and mathematical models. The paper shows principles of construction of model of the transportation problem and identifies its OS-basic properties that determine an optimal solution. Also the analysis of the main methods for finding optimal solutions is made.

Selection of the best economic strategy in order to obtain the greatest profit is one of the most important issues of production development. The paper shows the method of finding optimal strategy using probability theory. Using mathematical methods allows evaluating the possible costs and benefits for each economic strategy. The author gives an example of solution the question of finding the optimal strategy.

The distribution of funds to achieve the greatest profit is one of the most important issues of development of production. The paper shows a method for optimal allocation of investment by means of dynamic pro-gramming. The author shows the advantages of dynamic programming compared to the combinatorial method. An example of solving the question of the optimal distribution of investment is described.