Keyword: «etymology of words»

In studying the Russian translation of the text of the Cracow and Plotsk bishops (1674), it was possible to make adjustments to existing points of view on the time of the existence of such vocabulary nominations as varvarenin, nesravnennyj, povolennyj, predusmotrennyj, presvetlejshij. The earliest use of language forms is highlighted: blagoschastno, zaskudaya, prednesosha, skhishchenie. A new meaning is given to the term var /vary, which denotes fortifications, protected places. Tokens revealed so far found only in this literary monument – vozblizhennyj and pervenstvovatelnyj. The more ancient origin of words that were previously first registered only in the 18th (mezhgosudarstvovanie, prusak) and 19th (velepota, drevlekhristianstvo) centuries was clarified. Apparently, many of the studied vocabulary units first appeared in Russian as aliens from Polish.

The article examines the origin of slang expressions and their meaning in modern culture. Creating a classification of slang depending on their etymology. As well as the analysis of modern words and idioms used in slang and their further classification.

The topic of Germanisms in the English language has become the subject of study by many linguists around the world. Analysis of the features of the penetration and adaptation of German words into the English language contributes to understanding of the influence of historical events, the political situation and German culture on the English language. The author of this article examines the origin and semantic features of Germanisms, explores the mechanisms of sources of borrowings from the German language, and also describes their usage in modern English.