Keyword: «gymnastics»

The article presents the results of an experimental study aimed at developing articulatory skills in 5–6-year-old children with open rhinolalia using sensory-integrative gymnastics. At the ascertaining stage, violations of articulatory praxis were revealed. The formative stage included the development and use of a complex of sensory-integrative gymnastics aimed at the formation of articulatory practice. During the classes, exercises were used to develop the accuracy of movements, strengthen the muscles of the articulatory apparatus and improve sensory integration.

The study of the historical aspects of the development of gymnastics is highly relevant today and provides insight into both the positive experiences and the difficulties of its establishment at the national and regional levels. In the article, the authors attempted to consider the development of gymnastics as a means of physical education for the Crimean population in the 1930s. Based on systemic and regional approaches, the work used a complex of general theoretical and historical-pedagogical methods (analysis and synthesis of scientific and methodological literature, systemic historical analysis, historical-retrospective, comparative methods). The main sources for studying this issue are the documents of the Republican Committee for Physical Culture and Sports under the Council of People's Commissars of the Crimean Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic from 1930 to 1941, which were first introduced into scientific circulation. The results of the conducted study have shown that the 1930s were a turning point in the development of gymnastics, establishing its leading role in the system of Soviet physical education, both nationwide and in individual regions. Gymnastics became popular among young people and adults in the cities and villages of Crimea. The organization and holding of gymnastic competitions of various scales in Crimean schools, technical schools, universities, voluntary sports societies, and units of the Red Army and the Black Sea Fleet are of utmost importance. By the end of the 1930s and the beginning of the 1940s, gymnastics had become the most popular sport in the Crimean Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic and the foundation of the physical education system. Crimean athletes performed well at various competitions. The theoretical significance of this work lies in obtaining previously unknown data on the specific features of using gymnastics in the physical education of the population in the Crimean ASSR in the 1930s. The practical significance of the work is due to the possibility of further critical reflection and borrowing of positive experiences in the development of gymnastics during the studied period and its use in modern conditions.