Keyword: «hypothesis»

The paper proposes a technique for presenting the topic "The formula of full probability and the Bayes formula" based on the personal experience of the authors in the discipline "Theory of Probability". When solving problems on this topic, the greatest difficulty for students is calculation of conditional probabilities. In this connection, special attention is paid to the method of solving problems. The main theoretical information and a large number of typical examples showing solutions that allow students to acquire the necessary skills in mastering this topic are given.

The article is devoted to the problems of experiment in pedagogy and methodology. Its role in the educational process is highlighted. We consider the connection with the theoretical level of knowledge and prove that the purpose of experiment is not only to test the hypothesis, but also is a source and generator of the theory. The comparative analysis of pedagogical and methodical experiment is carried out. The article describes the problems in connection with which the experiment is used too little as a tool of scientific knowledge at the empirical level to improve the educational process. The author considers the experiment as a complex element of the empirical level of knowledge, arguing that its further development is important for the development of theory and practice in pedagogy and methodology. In this regard, each teacher must learn to conduct the experiment correctly. This would be the key to creating a theoretical base of pedagogical sciences, improving the quality of teaching.

The article deals with the methodology of the pedagogical experiment on the example of the introduction of the discipline «Basics of scientific research» into the educational process in the direction of training 25.05.01 Technical operation and restoration of combat aircraft and engines. The data of the analysis of the results of activation of military-scientific work of cadets after mastering the competences formed in the discipline are given.