Keyword: «linguistic picture of the world»

This study is a contrastive examination of idiomatic expressions in Russian and Yakut languages. The significance of the study lies in highlighting the common characteristics of the two languages and their areas of difference, thereby contributing to debate on linguistic universal and language awareness. Moreover, it is useful for contrastive linguistics for idioms analysis of Russian and Yakut. The aim of this study is to define equivalents in paremiological fund in both languages. Some comments of non-equivalent words in Yakut language are given.

In this article, the problem of the relationship of language and culture of the people is considered from the point of view of the anthropocentric theory of language. The desire of human thinking to analyze the corresponding structures inevitably leads to the need for a systemic and structural understanding of the facts of the language and classification of the material. The work attempts to differentiate the nominations of landscape vocabulary of the Yakut language. The systemic and structural characteristic of practical material shows the interconnectedness and interdependence of nominations. The selection of these processes is due to the cognitive process itself, and the result of cognition of reality is the formation of a linguistic picture of the world.

The poetic picture of the world, gives its difference from linguistic and conceptual points is examined in the article. The poetic picture of the world is regarded as the result of a specifically poetic worldview. The world created by a poetic word is a world of complex relations, interactions and connections. And it is going on with an extraordinary virtuosity.

This article presents a brief description of the national and cultural features of the processes of creating metaphors in Russian and Arabic. The study makes it possible to study and describe the images of the world in different languages, presented with the help of such a universal trope as a metaphor. The examples given in this work demonstrate how the metaphor transforms and fills the semantics of the word with new colors, providing a linguistic personality with great opportunities for constructing bright, attention-grabbing, expressive expressions with which it can vividly reflect the culture, life and traditional values of its people. , convey the subtlest shades of national and cultural meanings and the linguistic picture of the world of their ethnic group.

Phytonymic vocabulary reflects the life experience of any person, the results of his observations of the world around him. That is why, the names of plants make it possible to see the specific features of the cultural and historical traditions of the people. The whole number of differential signs or motivems was highlighted to identify and associate patterns and assign names to plants both in Latin and Russian. As a result of the investigation of Latin and Russian phytonyms we have found out firstly – the signs and properties of the denotate reflect the experience of native speakers; secondly – they are transmitted descriptively or by metaphorical comparison with other objects with the same meaning.