Keyword: «worldview»

The paper describes association experiment as a way of studying other peoples’ worldview. It presents the results of association experiment “Russia as the Russian ninth-graders see it” held by the writer in comparison with the interview held in Britain, during which the British people were asked to name their three association with the word Russia and comment on them.

In the article the facts proving the urgency of the problem of mental health in education. Discusses a study that burnout acts as a determinant of personal values and mental ill health of teachers.

The article deals with the study of the phenomenon of stereotypes, their origin, types, specific properties, their role in social and individual life. Stereotypes in the context of intercultural communication are also considered, some examples of stable ideas about Russia taken from interviews with foreign citizens are given.The main methods used in the study are the method of oral questioning, or group conversation, and the written method of directed associative experiment.

At present, a number of issues related to the formation of primary school students’ worldview is not mentioned even in a sense of their principal formulation: structure of worldview ideas in primary school age, didactic conditions for their successful formation; content of worldview ideas in the process of teaching school subjects at the sage of primary education. The range of worldview ideas that primary school should give, the volume and content of worldview knowledge, skills, the volume and content of worldview feelings, volitional properties of the students' personality; the influence of emotional-volitional and activity-oriented practical factors on the formation of students’ worldview is not clearly identified. Thus, we can find the contradiction between the great significance of the problem under study and its insufficient solution in the pedagogical theory. The purpose of the study is to identify the pedagogical conditions that ensure the formation of worldview ideas among primary school students in the process of acquiring knowledge. There are various approaches to explaining the essence of the learning process in the pedagogical theory: by V. V. Davydov, P. Ya. Galperin, V. I. Zagvyazinsky, M. M. Makhmutov and others. In our research, we proceed from the epistemological essence of the learning process in the study of S. Р. Baranov, who revealed the role and place of worldview ideas in the process of acquiring knowledge, emphasizing the importance of these ideas’ systematization. The study of the problem of worldview ideas formation among primary school students in the process of acquiring knowledge has led us to a principal idea, which makes up the core of the problem under study and revealing the dependence of the process of worldview ideas formation from the general laws of the cognition process. To effectively control the process of forming students' worldview ideas, the primary school teacher must identify the content and range of ideas about the world around them; know the level of each student’s knowledge; know the educational opportunities of the learning process, including those of the curriculum, educational programs, manuals, etc. The theoretical significance of the research is as follows: the concept and features of worldview ideas about the surrounding world among primary school students are revealed; pedagogical conditions that ensure the formation of students' worldview ideas are identified and experimentally confirmed. The practical significance of the work is determined by the fact that the conclusions and theoretical recommendations contained in it can be used in the educational process of primary schools.

This article presents a brief description of the national and cultural features of the processes of creating metaphors in Russian and Arabic. The study makes it possible to study and describe the images of the world in different languages, presented with the help of such a universal trope as a metaphor. The examples given in this work demonstrate how the metaphor transforms and fills the semantics of the word with new colors, providing a linguistic personality with great opportunities for constructing bright, attention-grabbing, expressive expressions with which it can vividly reflect the culture, life and traditional values of its people. , convey the subtlest shades of national and cultural meanings and the linguistic picture of the world of their ethnic group.