Keyword: «systemic thinking»

Training specialists of a new generation possessing competences and readiness to innovation activity with respect to objects and types of professional activity (creation of innovative products, processes, services and their commercialization) determines not only competitiveness of specialists in the labour market, but also competitiveness of companies and states. The importance of forming readiness to communication in a foreign language in the area of innovation activity for specialists of different areas of training at a technical university is increasing. Knowing terminology base of a foreign language not only in a professional area, but also in the area of innovation activity is becoming more actual. This determines the relevance of the study in the part of applied linguistics in the area of science of terminology for innovation activity and development of teaching-method handbooks to activate lexical and grammatical material at the professionally-oriented stage of foreign language teaching. The goal of this article is to describe the novelties at the professionally-oriented stage of foreign language teaching (the English language) for forming students’ readiness to apply knowledge in different real situations, in different professional situations. While carrying out the research competence, communicative, linguosociocultural approaches were used. Logic of competence approach was used which supposes content formation from results of education, higher-priority results are those educational results connected with mastering by students activity and perception tools. As the results of the study undertaken we developed the teaching-method handbooks representing a universal module containing terminology base of a foreign language (the English language) for the area of innovation activity. This terminology base is an addition to professional terminology. The authors’ developments are implemented into work programs in different areas of training at Moscow Polytechnic University. The article may be interesting for teachers of subjects (the English language) who teach professionally-oriented foreign language at higher educational institutions and for students and postgraduate students of different areas of training.

In the education of architects and designers, there is a contradiction between a professional focus on constructivism and a naturalistic approach to the image. Optimization of the educational process becomes relevant. The aim of the article: to explore the advantages of constructing images of objects based on scientific knowledge and constructive methods, as opposed to sensationalism. The constructivist approach becomes principal in the theoretical study of the problem of optimizing education. The results of the study of scientific sources determined a system of interdisciplinary conditions for optimizing graphic activity. The content of learning is optimized in the knowledge of relationships, the study of objects and the construction of spatial or artistic structures, forms and methods: systemic geometric constructivism leads students to adaptation in the algorithmic construction of generalized models – it is used when incorporating scientific concepts of perspective into the sign-symbolic means of visual language; possible artistic and interpretive constructivism allows the student’s personality to self-actualize – it is used to identify the content of images and style structures, the spatial structure of the shape of objects is preserved in this process. The research method is used in searching for relationships between parts of a composition. The results of the article bring significant changes in the education of architects and designers, in improving visual literacy and artistic and aesthetic culture of the picture. The theoretical and practical significance of the article is determined by the conditions for optimizing education: the use of the sign-symbolic method of making images, in contrast to relying on sensory perception, does not cause psychophysical determinations, and contributes to the learning of all students with different intellectual styles of cognition; the teacher as a facilitator provides regulatory visualization of generalized knowledge and conducts discussions in interactive learning – collective methods of stimulating and activating students’ independent understanding of the concepts of constructing object models; the teacher also uses individual methods of collaboration with students and their consultation; the constructive potential of visual perception and systemic thinking as higher cognitive processes is formed in problem-based learning of students with changes in the content, methods and structure of the educational process at different stages.