Gyzel М. Galieva

The effectiveness of customs payments used by the state is determined by the indicators of its foreign economic activity. The purpose of this article is to assess the impact of customs duties on the volume of trade transactions in the Russian Federation for 2021-2023. The dynamics of trade turnover and export customs duties for the specified period were studied. It has been established that export duties are an indicator of the degree of state involvement in foreign economic activity. A reduction in the amounts of import and export customs duties administered by the Federal Customs Service of Russia into the federal budget revenues has been revealed. Based on the results obtained, the priority tasks of Russia's customs tariff policy for the medium term have been identified.

The work analyzes the population living standard using indicators of the volume and structure of income and consumer spending. The lines of the trend of incomes and expenditures are constructed, reflecting the lag of incomes growth in comparison with expenditures. The author notes negative dynamics of consumer expenses for high-quality products.

The paper analyzes dynamics, composition and structure of household income of the Republic of Bashkortostan. The main sources of cash and natural income of urban and rural households are defined. The main causes of structural changes in income are revealed. Factors differentiating wages in the region are formulated.