Tatyana P. Maralova

The relevance of the problem is due to the importance of studying the factors that determine the type of people's attitude to dangers. The aim of the work was to identify the relationship of sensitivity to threats, the choice of adequate or inadequate ways to respond in situations of danger with the parameters of the Dark Triad of personality (Machiavellianism, narcissism, psychopathy). The study involved students of the Cherepovets State University (N=103 people, average age 18.29 years). The author's questionnaires to identify sensitivity to threats and ways to respond in situations of danger, as well as a Short questionnaire of the Dark Triad of personality by D. Jones and D. Paulhus in the adaptation of M.S. Egorova, M.A. Sitnikova and O.V. Parshikova were used as diagnostic tools. As a result of empirical research, it was found that narcissism is positively associated with sensitivity to threats and the choice of adequate ways to respond in situations of danger, Machiavellianism positively correlates with exaggeration of danger, and psychopathy negatively correlates with sensitivity and positively – with the underestimation of dangers. The study confirmed the conclusion existing in psychology that narcissism is the "light" side of the Dark triad of personality. The results obtained can be used in the process of forming an adequate type of attitude to dangers among students.

The article is devoted to the identification of the relationship between normativity of behavior and social anxiety among students – future teachers and psychologists. The study involved students of Cherepovets State University (N = 106). Based on the combination of behavior normativity level and the tendency to comply or not comply with the norms, the author identified four types of students who had a positive or negative relationship with various types of social anxiety. The obtained results can be used in the process of forming moral and ethical values and professional competences of students – future teachers and psychologists.

The urgency of the problem is due to the importance of the study of irritability and touchiness as negative personality traits that prevent the establishment of optimal relations with other people. The purpose of the work was to identify the relationship of irritability and touchiness with egocentrism, attitude towards people and irrational beliefs among students. The study involved 77 students of the Cherepovets State University - future psychologists. The authors’ questionnaires for detecting irritability to people, sensitivity to a person, the test of egocentric associations by T. I. Pashukova, the touchiness scale of E. P. Ilyin and P. A. Kovalev, the list of irrational beliefs of A. Beck and A. Freeman were used as diagnostic tools. As a result, a positive relationship was revealed between irritability and passive-aggressive irrational beliefs, as well as between touchiness and egocentrism with irrational beliefs of a dependent type. In addition, a negative relationship was revealed between touchiness and such characteristics of attitudes toward people as understanding of a person and willingness to provide assistance. These results may be used in the framework of the university psychological services, as well as in the process of training students - future teachers and psychologists.

The article is devoted to identifying the relationship of parenting style, attitude towards parents and behavior standards in older adolescence. The author tested a hypothesis about the indirect influence of parenting style on the behavior standards of adolescents. As a result, it was found that the influence of parenting style on the behavior standards of adolescents is mediated by the nature of their attitude towards parents. Adolescents would show a high level of behavior standards and responsibility only if they perceive their parents as people who are not excluded from the life of children, who are interested in their affairs, without dogmatic prescriptions and increased control.

The paper is devoted to the problem of interrelation of people’s attitude towards dangers and needs for danger and safety, readiness for risk and motivation of success achievement or avoidance of failures. On the basis of the empirical research conducted on students, it was established that needs for experience of feeling safety and ensuring safety are the basis of sensitivity to dangers. Ability to adequate reaction in situations of threat is caused by readiness for reasonable, but not excessive risk. The exaggeration of dangers results from a combination of needs for safety with aspiration to avoidance of failures and unavailability of a person to risk. Ignoring of dangers is defined by the need for experience of feeling of danger, aspiration to high risk at not expressed motivation of progress achievement or failure avoidances. The received results can be used in the correction course of non-optimal types of people’s attitude towards dangers.