Olga Goncharova

The problem of the spiritual and moral crisis, ripening in society, is associated with the growth of human cruelty, indifference and degradation. We consider the need to raise the younger generation with the help of the wise, time-tested traditions of the people as a way to overcome it and a means of progressive development of society. Therefore, the authors propose to use the rich spiritual heritage of previous generations, who left a rich experience in raising children. In particular, the basic principles and approaches to the training and education of children, historically developed by the Russian Cossacks, are analyzed. It is noted that Cossacks’ system of upbringing, based on national and Orthodox roots, postulating the values of free personal development, serving the Fatherland, is one of the basic components of traditional Cossack culture. The Cossacks tried to develop in the younger generation the traditional features of national identity: pride in their homeland; awareness of their historical duty and the importance of maintaining the continuity of generations and the purity of human thoughts; family value as a part of the clan, as a spiritual fortress. The upbringing of children in the Cossack family and community is carried out in work, which ensures the organic integration of the Cossack upbringing system in modern pedagogical theory and practice of teaching, educating, and socializing children through real personally significant pedagogically organized activities both in educational institutions and in the family. The study, revival and development of the Cossack upbringing system will contribute to the preservation and development of traditions, as well as create the basis for the organization of upbringing and educational work with children, and help to fight the moral degradation of society, contribute to the qualitative renewal of the education system as a basic social institution. It actualizes the axiological, cultural and historical components of the educational process.

The paper discusses the questions of organization of methodical support of physical development at pre-schools through new approaches to providing methodological support and assistance to teachers in their professional development through the organization of various forms of innovative activity of the teaching staff. The authors underline the importance and necessity of work aimed at formation of professional skills of educator, as an important condition of effective organization of the process of physical development in preschools.

The article is devoted to the organization of the process of multicultural upbringing of preschool children. The authors propose a program of multicultural education "National Kaleidoscope" for 2–7-year old children, based on the use of national folklore in various kinds of artistic and aesthetic activities.