Keyword: «cognitive abilities»

Realization of individual and educational routes when training pupils allows to solve problems of develop-ment of the identity of the child, her readiness for a choice, definition of the purpose and meaning of life through the content of education with limited opportunities of health. As a result of work with individual and educational routes positive dynamics in formation of cognitive abilities is noted.

This article deals with the problem of the relationship of cognitive abilities with the psychological adaptation of younger students to school. We studied the dynamics of the development of cognitive abilities, learning motivation and psychological adaptation of junior pupils. The interrelation of cognitive abilities with the psychological adaptation of junior pupils was revealed. The author deals with the issues of practical implementation of the correctional- developmental direction, which was carried out in educational activities (problem and integrated lessons, timed projects using the elements of the game activity) and in extracurricular developmental activities, which are a logical continuation of the activity.

The following article provides the description of a systemic approach to the organization of career guidance work and its deep philosophical understanding in the conditions of modern dynamically changing socio-cultural reality. The purpose of the work is to study career guidance as a part of an integral educational system characterized by the orderly structure of functional relationships and the ability to evolve. In the course of the study, a set of methods was used: scientific and philosophical analysis of the proposed approach, analysis of psychological and pedagogical literature and the author's own experience, testing procedure. The scientific and philosophical foundation of this study is the cycle of cognition based on the concept of transduction and functioning of integral systems capable of self-reproduction in form and self-development in content. The article suggests the author's approach to the organization of professional orientation through the implementation of an educational and adaptation course in chemistry with an emphasis on the cognitive abilities of students and the cognitive style of the teacher. Being the methodological basis of career guidance work, the course ensures its cyclical nature, which allows for an annual analysis of the effectiveness of this work and making the necessary changes. Career guidance events (group and individual conversations; master classes conducted by students, thematic evenings and discussions) are included in the educational process. A stable and orderly internal structure of functional relationships is formed through the use of cognitive technologies that affect the perception of vocational guidance information by schoolchildren. Its deep and complete perception is facilitated by a democratic style of communication and the establishment of friendly relations. Career guidance testing allows students to evaluate their cognitive abilities and stimulates the process of self-discovery. The practical significance of the study lies in the fact that the proposed approach allows schoolchildren to make the right choice of the sphere of their future professional activity. The effectiveness of the approach was confirmed by the successful study at the university and the continuing desire to devote themselves to the chosen profession after the career guidance course. The proposed approach is universal in the context of the cognitive abilities of the teacher. It is recommended for use in comprehensive schools.