Keyword: «working with text»

In the context of modern education, the formation of critical thinking skills among students of a pedagogical university is of particular importance, since it is carried out in an information society. If a student can think critically, he/she can, accordingly, express a subjective opinion, make the right choice in a timely manner, solve vital and scientific problems, reasonably build a dispute, make an objective assessment of someone else's point of view. The humanities block of disciplines at a pedagogical university (we are talking about such disciplines as philosophy, social studies, psychology, literature and art) provides students with fundamental knowledge about human society, culture, history and worldview. Therefore, the aim of the study is to identify the leading approaches to the definition and formation of critical thinking among students of a pedagogical university in the humanities block classes; to experimentally test the effectiveness of a number of activities and the academic discipline "Technology for the development of critical thinking". To achieve this goal, the tasks of forming critical thinking among students of a pedagogical university were highlighted: the ability to analyze, compare, synthesize and generalize. In addition, it is planned to conduct a study to assess the current level of critical thinking among students of a pedagogical university, as well as to develop and test the effectiveness of new strategies and pedagogical techniques for the development of this skill. The theoretical significance of the research lies in the fact that the idea of the peculiarities of critical thinking formation in the humanities block classes among students of a pedagogical university has been expanded, criteria and levels of critical thinking formation in students of a pedagogical university have been identified from the position of a system activity-oriented approach; a curriculum on the discipline "Technology of critical thinking development " have been developed and practically implemented. The practical significance of the study is due to the fact that the developed measures and described methods of working with students of a pedagogical university can be used by teachers of other educational organizations of the Russian Federation. The presented materials can serve as a basis for the development of methodological recommendations for teachers of universities in the country. The results obtained in the study can be widely used in the activities of higher education organizations in humanities classes. The article contains a theoretical analysis of various approaches to the assessment of critical thinking, offering an integrated method for the formation of critical thinking skills among students of a pedagogical university. The paper presents the results of the analysis of the concept of "critical thinking", defines criteria and indicators, and characterizes the levels of critical thinking formation. The authors suggest methods and techniques for developing critical thinking in educational practice in the humanities classes, and propose algorithms for working with various types of visual texts. At the same time, any sources of information presented in the form of text, images, diagrams, etc. are considered as visual texts.

Reading literacy at the present stage of education development is considered as the basis for the success of school graduates, the guarantee of further self-education and self-development, socialization in society. The basis for the formation of reading literacy is laid already in primary school. Most teachers organize work with text in lessons on the subject "Literary Reading", less often in lessons on the subject "The World Around Us". Basically, the work is carried out with fiction texts, educational articles, and less often with scientific texts. However, such work is not systematic as a rule. Therefore, it is important to look for new effective approaches that allow building a system of work on developing reading literacy in primary school students. The aim of this article is to consider the possibilities of developing reading literacy when conducting research in primary school lessons through working with text information. In accordance with the goal, the following tasks are set: to characterize reading literacy as a key new formation of a modern schoolchild; to examine conducting research in primary school lessons as a productive way of organizing work with text information; to analyze the possibilities of using different types of reading: viewing, searching, familiarizing, studying in research lessons in primary school; to develop an approach to working with text information when conducting research, allowing to develop groups of reading skills underlying the reading literacy of primary school students. To solve the set tasks, the following theoretical methods were used: analysis of state and international documents, domestic and foreign scientific and methodological literature, synthesis, generalization. The study is based on the following: systems approach, activity theory, general approaches to the formation of functional literacy, theoretical approaches to the reading literacy of schoolchildren, scientific approaches to the concept of "research activity". As a result of the work, a new approach to working with text information when conducting research in primary school lessons is presented. We see the theoretical significance of the article in considering research organized in lessons as a productive form of educational activity for the development of reading literacy. We also analyzed the types of reading from the point of view of developing reading skills. The practical significance of their use is substantiated depending on the goals of searching activities when working with text information. This solution can be useful for primary school teachers for systemic work on the development of reading skills that underlie the reading literacy of schoolchildren.