Olga Ens

The article discusses the formation of prerequisites for phonemic perception in speech ontogenesis, and clarifies the concepts of “phonemic hearing” and “phonemic perception”. The authors examine the relationship between the unformed prerequisites of phonemic perception and the mechanisms of erased dysarthria. They describe a method for diagnosing the development level of prerequisites for phonemic perception in 4–5 years old children with erased dysarthria, and interpret the results of practical research. The speech therapy work on the formation of phonemic perception prerequisites in 4–5 years old children with erased dysarthria, based on the results of practical research, is also presented here.

The article describes the relevance of the study of speech development in children with autism spectrum disorders. The main variants of speech development of children with autism spectrum disorders are analyzed on the basis of analysis of domestic and foreign literature.

In the article features of psychological and speech mechanisms of reading in children with general hypoplasia of speech are considered. The influence of the features of the development of mental processes in children with a general underdevelopment of speech on the process of mastering reading is examined. Groups of specific errors are identified in mastering the process of reading children with a general speech underdevelopment.