Keyword: «цифровая образовательная среда»

The relevance of the study is determined by the need to computerize education, on the one hand, and create a safe, friendly learning environment in primary school, on the other. The transition to the "digit" is often hampered by the lack of a clear understanding of the content and structural aspects of the digital ecosystem, the characteristics of this concept, developed on the basis of methodological approaches that integrate ecological-biological, economic, web-centric, psychological and pedagogical scientific knowledge. The purpose of the article is to identify the specific aspects of the primary school digital learning ecosystem and to determine its key characteristics that affect the efficiency and optimal functioning of this system. The methodological basis of the study in the article are systemic, web-centric, ecological, environmental approaches in education. The sources of the study were the works of modern researchers on computerization and the implementation of the ecosystem approach in education, the design of the digital environment. On the basis of an interdisciplinary approach, the methods of literature analysis, induction and deduction, comparison, analysis and synthesis were used. The generalization of the data obtained made it possible to determine the content of the definition "primary school digital learning ecosystem" (DLE), to reveal the properties of this system (purposefulness, multicomponent character, polysubjectivity, openness and availability, variability and hybridity of formats, safety, friendliness and optimality, adaptability, flexibility and personalization). The article describes the directions for improving the primary school DLE, which involve the development of an ecological and safe model of this system, the material and technical equipment of the primary school and the creation of an available digital environment, the improvement of the system of methodological and information support for the digital ecosystem of the primary school, updating the training of teachers and specialists, raising the level of digital literacy of parents / legal representatives, managing the interaction of subjects of the educational process in the digital ecosystem. This study made it possible to reveal the substantive aspect of the concept of "primary school digital learning ecosystem", the key properties of this system, the consideration of which would ensure the fulfillment of modern regulatory requirements, the achievement of primary education results and its quality improvement in the context of computerization.

The relevance of the problem of effective interaction between participants in educational relations in a modern preschool educational organization is beyond doubt. This thesis can be confirmed by scientific and methodological publications of domestic and foreign authors who agree on the need for the active inclusion of parents in the educational process. This issue is exacerbated by the fact that modern parents choose the position of passive observers who evaluate the success of their children with likes through the prism of the digital window of a social network or leave angry posts addressed to teachers. In this regard, the pedagogical community is faced with the task of developing a model of technology for interaction between participants in educational relations in a digital educational environment to involve parents in activities. It was this problem that became the goal of our research described in this article. The research method was a Google survey of parents of children aged 5–7 years, since it is in this age category that project activities are already implemented, pupils take part in various competitions, acquire first digital literacy skills, and therefore there is a high need for interaction between preschool educational institutions and families. The survey involved 208 respondents whose children attend “Kindergarten No. 73” and “Kindergarten No. 183” in the city of Magnitogorsk. Experimental data confirmed the hypothesis about the low social activity of parents in the educational process, since 84.1% of respondents are satisfied with the interaction through the social network Vkontakte, and 57% are ready for active cooperation in remote content, including on the issue of solving educational and pedagogical problems, for example, the creation and implementation of children's projects under the mentorship of a teacher. Based on the analysis of literature devoted to this problem, the results of a Google survey of parents, information and communication opportunities for access to digital resources and services, including those provided by the legislation of the Russian Federation, a model of technology for interaction between participants in educational relations in a digital educational environment was developed. It is presented in this text. The theoretical significance of the study allows us to detail the interaction between teachers and parents through innovative technologies (social network VK, online communication in webinar format, applied activities on the MIRO interactive on-line board, obtaining knowledge on digital literacy and their application in productive activities). Practical significance lies in implementation of theoretical principles in practice, adapting them to the conditions of the kindergarten and the needs of parents and pupils.