Keyword: «moral choice»

At the present stage of social life, the moral, intellectual and mental development of a person is associated with the influence of positive and negative factors, among them the absence of age qualification and the availability of information lacking ethics and morals in the materials of the media. Most often, the content of information in such sources and, as a consequence, false perception of the surrounding reality has a negative impact on the intellectual and moral spheres of the younger generation. Modern youth is experiencing a moral crisis, the overcoming of which directly depends on upbringing and education, and in particular on the formation and development of moral and ethical evaluation actions. Family upbringing is the basis for acquiring moral standards, realizing the importance of making choices and making decisions, but it is worth mentioning the contribution of teachers to the upbringing of children and their support in the process of moral formation and growth of schoolchildren, that speaks of the relevance of the research. Thus, the purpose of this article is the analysis of the moral aspect of moral and ethical evaluation concept, the systematization of the categories "morality", "evaluation", "moral norms", "moral choice" and "action." The leading method is a general scientific method of theoretical analysis of domestic and foreign philosophers, psychologists and educators scientific experience. As a result of the conducted research, we have generalized the specificity of such categories as morality, evaluation, moral norms, moral choice and action. Of course, all categories are philosophical concepts, studied from different aspects by psychology and pedagogics. Common in the results of the study is the need to form and develop components of moral and ethical evaluation actions and the formation of these actions in general as a need to educate the schoolchild's morally developed personality. Evaluation of actions and deeds regarding moral norms is the determination of the actions conformity to the norms and expectations of society. This conformity or discrepancy is determined by the society or the person himself. In case of a positive evaluation, the person's actions are approved and encouraged, in case of a negative evaluation, the actions are condemned up to the application of sanctions. An important evaluation component is a person's self-evaluation of his own motives, actions, consequences, taking into account the value attitude to phenomena and events of reality. It should be understood that it is not the action itself that is evaluated, but its motives, goals and results. The article may be interesting for future and practicing teachers, educators of educational organizations.

The article poses the problem of the relationship between peace and war in the works of Yu.V. Bondarev at the beginning of his creative maturity, it is about the relationship of these categories in the life of the writer, the role of war in the formation of his personality, the artistic embodiment of the moral and philosophical category of “choice” in the works of the indicated period.

The article is devoted to the problem of building the process of managing the spiritual and moral development and education of students. The most significant components of the educational developing space of an educational organization are revealed: spatial-subject, social-contact and informational. According to the author, as a result of such education, the child tries himself in various types of socially and personally significant activities, gets experience in making independent decisions in situations of moral choice in favor of universal values, strives for self-education, continuous spiritual self-development in the process of realizing his spiritual ideals in practice.