Keyword: «preschool age»

In Russia with its multinational population, the relevance of theoretical and practical study of the conditions for multicultural education of children in preschool educational organizations is due to the need to develop the national community of Russian citizens. The problem of the formation of ethnic tolerance and interethnic communication takes an important place among many problems associated with preschool education. The renewal of modern Russian education should be accompanied everywhere by an intensive search for ways to improve the pedagogical process in a multicultural educational environment. Pre-school education, aimed at solving the problem of the formation of ethnic tolerance among older preschoolers in a multicultural educational environment, is an integral part of this process. The modern system of Russian education needs now teachers who are able to resolve interethnic related conflicts in order to eliminate national isolation, interethnic tension and to prevent the aggravation of ethnic phobias among preschool children, which directly depends on the formation of ethnic tolerance between peers by teachers in preschool educational organizations. This factor determines the importance of teachers' readiness to develop ethnic tolerance in older preschoolers. The purpose of our research is to work out and test in practice a model of the readiness of the future teacher of preschool education to develop ethnic tolerance in older preschoolers. Research methods: theoretical (analysis of psychological and pedagogical literature), empirical (experiment). The theoretical significance of the study lies in the fact that it reveals the importance of the development of ethnic tolerance in older preschool children; clarifies the concept of teachers' readiness for the development of ethnic tolerance; describes the structure and content characteristics of the readiness of the future teacher of preschool education for the development of ethnic tolerance; a model is developed to increase the level of readiness of future preschool education teachers for the development of ethnic tolerance among older preschool children. The practical significance is in determining the psychological and pedagogical conditions for the formation of the readiness of future preschool education teachers to develop ethnic tolerance in older preschoolers. The developed model can be used in the process of professional development of teaching staff through institutes of advanced training.

The author addresses one of the urgent problems of speech development in preschool children with speech pathology. The main emphasis is on conjugate gymnastics, which combines the gymnastics of the hand and the speech apparatus. The article discusses the possibilities of the "Theater of fingers and language" as one of the effective means of the development of speech disorders.

The article is devoted to the role of play activity in the development of a preschool child, as well as the importance of parental participation in children's play. Recommendations for parents of preschool children about the possibility of involving children in the game, as well as techniques for playing together parent and child.

The article is devoted to determining the role of leisure activities in the comprehensive development of preschool children. Classifications of types of leisure activities are given and their characteristics are given. The role of holidays in the creative, speech, and moral development of preschoolers is revealed.

The article investigates the problem of children's fears in the psychological literature. Preschool age is considered as a sensitive period in the development of the child's emotional sphere. The results of studying the characteristics of children's fears in preschool children with different levels of anxiety are presented. The results presented by the author indicate that children with different levels of anxiety manifestations differ in the frequency and number of fears of various content.