Keyword: «senior preschoolers»

Speech breathing is significantly different from physiological breathing, due to the special requirements for the respiratory act during speech. Preschoolers with dysarthria first of all have to develop lung volume, and in senior preschool age to develop the type of chest breathing. It will be the basis for the development of proper phonation breathing.

The article is devoted to the study of the problem of motivational readiness to school among senior preschoolers with mental retardation. The author makes an analysis of the sources concerning the problem, diagnostics of motivational readiness for school education, and reveals the prevailing motives. The features of the motivation to school among preschool children with mental retardation are analyzed.

The article presents the technology of remedial work with older preschoolers suffering from mental retardation. The work is aimed at building up motivational readiness for schooling. Two directions of corrective action are described. Thanks to conducting classes with this technology use, preschoolers with mental retardation have changed their attitude to schooling for the better, and increased the level of learning motivation.

The purpose of our study was to carry out corrective work aimed at developing constructive skills in children of senior preschool age with a delay in their mental development, and to determine the effectiveness of this corrective work. We identified the following phases of corrective and pedagogical work with children (according to O. P. Gavrilushkina), taking into account the results of the analysis of scientific and methodological literature. The phase "Learning the adequate choice of parts to create a building", the purpose of which is to teach children how to make the right choice of parts in color, shape, size based on a sample of construction and on the teacher’s verbal instruction. The phase "Learning how to connect parts", the purpose is to teach children to connect parts together, taking into account the features of the constructor game. The phase "Learning the spatial arrangement of parts", the purpose is to teach children to place the details of the constructor game in space, achieving similarity of construction with a real object. In accordance with each phase of work, we selected tasks that were offered to preschoolers in the course of experimental studies. We obtained the following data. Thanks to the organized and carried out corrective work, positive changes have occurred in the development of constructive skills of preschool children with mental retardation. Preschoolers (100%) scored more points on all diagnostic methods at the control stage of the study as compared with the ascertaining stage. At the same time, 67% of children showed positive inter-level dynamics: four children had increased their levels. In 30% of cases, the positive dynamics is intra-level.

The article deals with the features of the development of visual and imaginative thinking of older preschool children with mental retardation, the methodological justification of correctional and developmental work is given.